Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 2.1 (cont.)
Total aboveground
biomass (Mg ha
1
)
Dead surface fuels
(Mg ha
1
)
Source
a
Vegetation
Chile
Matorral
9-17
21
South Africa
Fynbos
4 yr
6-7
22
unburned
>
35 yr
43-76
22
unburned
10-34
23
unburned
6-35
24
Renosterveld
14
24
Australia
Heathland
5 yr
9-10
25
15 yr
18-19
25
Banksia
heath
14
4
26
Banksia
woodland
4yr
5
2
27
12-22 yr
7
2
27
Jarrah (
Eucalyptus
) forest
9-18 yr
22
28
Various
Eucalyptus
forest
types
10-70
29
Eucalyptus
forest
228
37 (
þ
bark)
30
Tropical grasslands
9-11
31
a
(1) Dimitrakopoulos (
2002
); (2) Malanson & Trabaud (
1988
); (3) Trabaud (
1991
);
(4) Sag˘ lam
et al.
(
2008
); (5) Baeza
et al.
(
2006
); (6) de Luı´ s
et al.
(
2004
); (7) Viegas
et al.
(
2002
); (8) Moreno
et al.
(
2004
); (9) Caturla
et al.
(
2000
); (10) Iba´ n˜ ez
et al.
(
1999
); (11)
Westman
et al.
(
1981
); (12) Russell & Tompkins (
2005
); (13) Rundel & Parsons (
1979
);
(14) Riggan & Dunn (
1982
); (15) Schlesinger
et al.
(
1982
); (16) Gray (
1982
); (17) Riggan
et al.
(
1988
); (18) McNaughton (
1968
); (19) Keifer
et al.
(
2006
); (20) Knapp
et al.
(
2005
);
(21) Mooney
et al.
(
1977
); (22) van Wilgen (
1982
); (23) van Wilgen
et al.
(
1985
); (24) Stock
& Allsopp (
1992
); (25) Bell
et al.
(
1984
); (26) Low & Lamont (
1990
); (27) Burrows &
McCaw (
1990
); (28) Smith
et al.
(
2004
); (29) Good (
1996
); (30) Walker (
1981
); (31)
Long
et al.
(
1989
).
accumulate on the soil surface. In crown fire shrublands, dead biomass retained in
the canopy is a readily available fuel but the availability of living foliage varies
seasonally and with stand age and ratio of dead to live fuels in the canopy.
aceous-dominated vegetation, with the lowest
fuel
loads typically around
5Mgha
1
metric tons ha
1
). Lower-stature shrublands such as Mediterra-
nean phrygana, California sage scrub, South African fynbos and Australian
heathlands, are several times higher than these grasslands, and
dense shrublands such as garrigue, chaparral and matorral weigh in between
(
¼