Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
(A)
(B)
Figure 2.7
Barnacles attached to a (A) an LDPE surface (arrow indicates the base
plate (calcium carbonate) of a dislodged barnacle) and (B) a PC surface visible
after scraping the bioilm
Bryozoa are a phylum of aquatic invertebrates (
Figure 2.8
). There are 4,000 living
species of these and they predominantly live in a colony.
Table 2.1
shows some of the
species involved in fouling of surfaces, as recorded in 1952 in the document
Marine
Fouling and Prevention
by the US Naval Institute [39].
Figure 2.8
Bryozoans attached to a polymer surface