Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
cleaner production, health and safety standards, optimising of transportation,
distribution and packaging activities.
• Sustainableconsumptionpoliciesandpractices,suchas'righttoknow',consumer
education and awareness, advertising and communication campaigns, eco-
labelling and other consumer information tools.
In summary, the key to solving the marine plastic litter problem in terms of
waste management is action at source, including the widespread adoption and
implementation of Zero Waste strategies entailing waste prevention, minimisation,
re-use and recycling. Until such initiatives are widely and effectively implemented,
measures available to address the problem of plastic litter and debris in the sea will
inevitably remain extremely limited.
References
1.
Plastic Waste in the Environment - Final Report
, Bio Intelligence Service,
Paris, France, 2010, p.172.
2.
Blowing in the Wind: Global Moves against Shopping Bags
,
Canadian Broadcasting Corporation News (CBC News), Toronto, Canada,
28
th
March 2007.
http://www.cbc.ca/news2/background/environment/shoppingbags.html
[Accessed September 2014]
3.
M. Allsopp, A. Walters, D. Santillo and P. Johnston,
Plastic Debris in the
World's Oceans
, Greenpeace International, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,
2007.
4.
UNEP,
Technical Guidelines for the Identiication and Environmentally
Sound Management of Plastic Wastes and for their Disposal,
Conference
of the Parties to the Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary
Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal, Sixth meeting, Geneva,
2002, Item 6 (e) (ii) of the provisional agenda, UNEP/CHW.6/21, August
2002.
http://archive.basel.int/meetings/cop/cop6/cop6_21e.pdf.
[Accessed October 2014]
5.
M.F. Costa, J.A. Ivar do Sul, J.S. Silva-Cavalcanti, M.C.B. Araújo,
A. Spengler and P.S. Tourinho,
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
,
2009,
168
, 1−4, 299.
