Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
species, both ish and non-ish species, and impacts on associated or dependent species
are minimised, by measures including, to the extent practicable, the development and
use of selective, environmentally safe and cost-effective ishing gear and techniques'.
States are also required to ensure that 'ishing is conducted with due regard to the
safety of human life and protection of the marine environment and the prevention of
damage to or loss of ishing gear' and to 'cooperate to develop and apply technologies,
materials and operational methods that minimise the loss of ishing gear and the ghost
ishing effects from lost or abandoned ishing gear'.
States should take measures to protect the aquatic environment by 'introducing
and enforcing laws and regulations' - in accordance with the MARPOL 73/78
Convention. Owners, charterers and managers of ishing vessels 'should consider
itting a shipboard compactor or incinerator to relevant classes of vessels in order to
treat waste and other shipboard wastes generated during the vessel's normal service.
Furthermore, they should 'minimise the taking aboard of potential waste through
proper provisioning practices'.
5.4.1.8 Other Global Actors and Initiatives
5.4.1.8.1 Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of United
Nations Educational, Scientiic and Cultural Organization
The systematic involvement of Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC)
in the problems of marine litter was initiated at the 6
th
Session of the IOC Committee
for the Global Investigation of Pollution in the Marine Environment (GIPME) in 1986,
which recommended to the GIPME groups of experts that they develop methodologies
and facilitate efforts to monitor the amounts and types of persistent litter in seas.
Several activities were initiated following that recommendation, in the Mediterranean
(1987−1991), the Caribbean (1994−1995) and the African Coast (1997−1999).
5.4.1.8.2 Joint Group of Experts on the Scientiic Aspects of Marine
Environmental Protection
The Joint Group of Experts on the Scientiic Aspects of Marine Environmental
Protection (GESAMP) is a multi-disciplinary body of independent experts nominated
by sponsoring organisations such as IMO, FAO of the UN, United Nations Educational,
Scientiic and Cultural Organization - Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission
(IOC), World Maritime Organization, World Health Organization, UNEP and so on.
The priority actions recommended by GESAMP are improvement of urban and rural
