Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
a. Before immersion
b. After 10 month
GFRP
SR
PU
PET
SF
CFRP
Figure 3.5
Biofouling of different polymer substrates immersed in a marine
environment after 10 months in Ennore Port, Chennai, South India
Artham and co-workers [41] have studied the effect of biofouling on physical,
chemical and mechanical changes of bisphenol A polycarbonate immersed at a depth
of 3 meters at two different locations in the Bay of Bengal and concluded that the PC
underwent a combination of biodeterioration and biodegradation. Bioilm bacteria
and biofouling organisms released enzymes, proteins and other biomolecules which
chemically affected the polymer leading to its biodegradation.
3.4.9 Wind Flow Movement and Current Models
The ocean water is a dynamic environment (water is removed from the ocean
because of evaporation and returns through precipitation and runoff), because of
ocean currents, the physical characteristics such as: salinity, temperature, density
and external forces such as: the sun, moon and winds which inluence the movement
