Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
For polycrystalline materials, the challenge lies in investigating the structure of
special grain boundaries with particular crystallographic orientations in a cluster of
grains having any orientation. The observation direction of the sample can be in any
direction (Fig.
7.3)
.
a
Textured Material
Substrate
Polycrystalline Material
Textured Material
b
Substrate
Thin Film on Substrate
Multilayer
Fig. 7.3 a
) Different cutting directions of a bulk textured or polycrystalline material in order to
make thin slices: (
a
) longitudinal plane cut parallel to a surface, or fiber direction, or main direction
(e.g., as in a texture); (
b
) cross section perpendicular to a main fiber direction or an interface;
(
c
) particular cut with regard to the orientation of a given set of atomic planes, an interface, a
grain boundary, etc., and (
d
) any cut, such as in a polycrystalline material with no preferential
orientation.
b
) Different cutting directions of single-layer and multilayer materials in order to make
thin slices: (
a
) longitudinal plane parallel to a surface of the substrate or a film and (
b
) cross section
perpendicular to the substrate - thin layer, layer-layer, or multilayer interface
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