Cartography in Textbooks Published Between 1824 and 2002 in Brazil - Maps for the Future Children Education and Internet - page 81

Table 6.4 Cartographic contents (concepts, notions and subjects)

Interpretation of
maps

Geometric shapes

Shape of objects Plan

Symbols Map

Legend World Map

Points of view Sorts of projections

Mind Map Topographic map

Localisation Outline

Laterality Sketch

Direction / Orientation Thematic maps

Proportion Choropleth map

Measurement Anamorphosis

Graphs and
diagrams

Cartographic scale

Geographical scale Scale model

Coordinates
(elementary notions)

Block diagram

Shape of the Earth /
Movement of celestial
bodies

The Globe

Hemispheres Aerial photographs

Imaginary lines /
parallels and meridians

Satellite images

Latitude and Longitude GIS

Cartographic
techniques

Time Zones

History of Cartography

• “Cartographic representations (two-dimensional representations)”, particularly
the content that refers to “Map”;
• And “Cartographic representations (three-dimensional representations)”, partic-
ularly the content that refers to “The Globe”.

As it is possible to notice, the mentioned contents establish a continuity, a
“school tradition” that dictates certain cartographic notions that “must” be worked
in the first year of secondary education for almost two centuries, lasting for
practically all the curricular reforms and the programmes of textbooks produced
during the twentieth century and also permeating the twenty-first century.