Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
Transient Grazing Systems........................................................................... 349
Grazing Systems Integrated with Cereal Production ................................... 349
Adverse Effects of Some Grazing Systems.................................................. 349
Complementary Role of Well-Managed Grazing Systems and
Sustainable Food Production Systems ......................................................... 350
Animal Well-Being ................................................................................................ 350
Adaptability of Domestic Animals.................................................................... 350
Social Ethics for Animals.................................................................................. 350
Technologies and Products that Support Globalization of Food Animal
Production, Food Safety, and Animal Health......................................................... 351
Bovine Somatotropin for Increased Milk Yield ................................................ 351
Hormone Implants and Feed Additives for Improved Growth and Beef
Leanness............................................................................................................ 352
Feed Additives for Improved Biological Efficiency and Animal Health........... 352
Antibiotics .................................................................................................... 352
Probiotics...................................................................................................... 353
Enzymes ....................................................................................................... 353
Ionophores .................................................................................................... 353
Protein Anabolic Agents............................................................................... 353
New Technologies in Food Safety and Tissue Preservation.............................. 354
Breakthroughs in Quick Freezing of Biological Materials for Long-
Term Storage and Sustained Viability .......................................................... 354
Breakthroughs in Eliminating Pathogenic Microorganisms from Meat
and Other Food Products .............................................................................. 354
Biotechnology .............................................................................................. 354
Conclusions and Study Topics ............................................................................... 355
Acknowledgment ................................................................................................... 356
References.............................................................................................................. 356
AbstRAct
Domestic animal production has been an integral part of human society for more
than 10,000 years and remains so. This chapter addresses the importance of ani-
mals in society. Broad subject areas include (1) food animals, their products, and
sustainable agroecology; (2) vertical integration of animal production systems; (3)
plant-animal ecosystems; (4) animal well-being; (5) technologies and products that
support globalization of food animal production, food safety, and animal health. We
describe the interconnections of animal science with all of agricultural sciences in
producing food in a sustainable environment. The food animal industry has major
impacts on the global economy and on human well-being.
IntRoductIon
Humans have evolved as omnivores. For most of human history, animal source foods
were obtained by hunting. With the domestication of animals (see Chapter 1), hunting
has been largely replaced by production of meat, milk, and eggs from domesticated
