Agriculture Reference
In-Depth Information
7
Protein and Amino Acids
1
Duane E. Ullrey
contents
Abstract .................................................................................................................... 95
First Came Nitrogen................................................................................................. 96
Protein Functions ..................................................................................................... 97
Structural Roles................................................................................................... 97
Enzymes .............................................................................................................. 97
Hormones ............................................................................................................ 97
Immunity ............................................................................................................. 97
Nutrient Transport ............................................................................................... 98
Protein Digestion and Absorption............................................................................ 98
Amino Acids ............................................................................................................ 99
Indispensable Amino Acids................................................................................. 99
Conditionally Indispensable Amino Acids.......................................................... 99
Dispensable Amino Acids ................................................................................... 99
Food Sources.......................................................................................................... 100
Evaluation of Protein Quality............................................................................ 100
Recommended Dietary Allowances .................................................................. 100
Protein .......................................................................................................... 100
Indispensable Amino Acids .......................................................................... 100
Conclusions and Study Topics ............................................................................... 100
Note........................................................................................................................ 101
Bibliography .......................................................................................................... 101
AbstRAct
The historical discovery of nitrogen in animal tissues and its association with protein
and amino acids is described. Important roles of proteins in body structure, as enzymes
and hormones, and in immunity and nutrient transport are characterized. Details of
protein digestion and absorption are briefly presented. Those dietary amino acids
found to be indispensable, conditionally indispensable, and dispensable are identi-
fied. A source of information on concentrations of protein and amino acids in food
is given, and systems for evaluating protein quality are described. Recommended
dietary allowances for protein and indispensable amino acids are summarized.
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