Information Technology Reference
In-Depth Information
is called the Sylvester matrix of F and G w.r.t. x . The determinant of the matrix
is called the Sylvester resultant or resultant of F and G w.r.t. x and is denoted
by res( F, G, x ) .
For system (2), we compute the resultant of f s and f s w.r.t. x s and denote it
by dis( f s ) (it has the leading coecient and discriminant of f s as factors). Then
we compute the successive resultant of dis( f s ) and the triangular set {
f s− 1 , ..., f 1 } .
That is, we compute res(res(
) ,f 1 ,x 1 )
and denote it by res(dis( f s ); f s− 1 , ..., f 1 ) or simply R s . Similarly, for each
i (1 <i≤ s ) , we compute R i =res(dis( f i ); f i− 1 , ..., f 1 )and R 1 =dis( f 1 ) .
For each of those inequalities and inequations, we compute the successive
resultant of g j (or h j ) w.r.t. the triangular set [ f 1 , ..., f s ] and denote it by Q j
(resp. Q l + j ).
Definition 2. For an SAS T as defined by (2), the border polynomial of T is
···
res(res(dis( f s ) ,f s− 1 ,x s− 1 ) ,f s− 2 ,x s− 2 )
···
s ￿
l + ￿
BP =
R i
Q j .
i =1
j =1
Sometimes, for brevity, we also abuse BP to denote the square-free part or the
set of square-free factors of BP .
Example 2. For the system S in Example 1, the border polynomial is
BP = b ( b
2)( b +2)( b 2
2)( b 4
4 b 2 + 2)(2 b 4
2 b 2 +1) .
From the result in [31,27], we may assume BP
=0 . In fact, if any factor of BP is
a zero polynomial, we can further decompose the system into new systems with
such a property. For a parametric SAS, its border polynomial is a polynomial in
the parameters with the following property.
Theorem 1. Suppose S is a parametric SAS as defined by (2) and BP its border
polynomial. Then, in each connected component of the complement of BP =0 in
parametric space R
d , the number of distinct real solutions of S is constant.
Third, BP =0 decomposes the parametric space into a finite number of con-
nected region. We then choose sample points in each connected component of
the complement of BP =0 and compute the number of distinct real solutions of
S at each sample point. Note that sample points can be obtained by the partial
cylindrical algebra decomposition (PCAD) algorithm [4].
Example 3. For the system S in Example 1, BP =0 gives
± 2 ,
2 ± 2 .
b =0 ,
± 2 ,
±
The reals are divided into ten open intervals by these points. Because 0 <b< 2 ,
we only need to choose one point, for example,
2 , 1 , 2 , 1 8 , from each of the four
intervals contained in (0 , 2) , respectively. Then, we substitute each of the four
values for b in the system, and compute the number of distinct real solutions of
the system, consequently obtain the system has respectively 0 , 1 , 0 and 0 distinct
real solutions.
1
 
Search WWH ::




Custom Search