Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
(2) About a quarter of the cells undergoing mitosis were destroyed
as the formation of the cleavage furrow approached complete
cell separation. During this process, the cell membrane rup-
tured, and many small membrane blebs formed, resembling
post-mitoticapoptotic cell death.
(3) In treated cultures nuclear rotation was observed. In early
mitosis, after cell rounding, the nuclei were observed rotating
withinthecell.Afullrotationlastedonaverage15minutes.This
effect resembles whole-cell rotation observed during exposure
to intermediate-frequency alternating E fields and reported in
theearly 1980s (Figs. 1.13-1.14).
Biogenic mitosis should normally occur in the absence of
exogenous fields. This process is an SFT balance at metaphase
that finally becomes unbalanced leading to anaphase. Cell rotation
and axial H fields emitted by DNA are involved in these SFT
balances. There is a homeostasis that is maintained during mitosis
followed by a gentle build-up of electrostatic and magnetostatic
fields, allowing microtubule and microfilament structures to grow
until the chromosome cleaves into its two identical chromatids.
If perturbing structural rotations occur, exogenous E, H, or EM in
nature, the whole mitotic process may be undermined, delayed
or prevented entirely. Homeostasis aids the development of cy-
toplasmic structures that can be perturbed by exogenous fields.
Although the melanomas cells discussed above are found within
the epidermis, similar effects may occur deeper within the body
in cells that are developing. The depth of interaction depends on
the constitutive parameters of the various tissues and microscopic
structures within and surrounding the cell. One situation of critical
importance is the fields found within the developing foetus, as
illustrated in Fig. 1.15. Another is the development of breast
tumours in teenage and adult females in the tissues of the breast,
also shown in Fig. 1.15. Other situations of organs or tissues at risk
near the surface of the body are the formation of testicular cancers
and brain tumours due to use of radar or communications devices
held close to the respective body part. Critically, do exposures reach
the developing foetal, breast, testicular or cranial tissues and cells?
What level of exogenous fields is able to cause significant effects
