Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 6.1
The development of STR systems. Two STR systems, the quadruplex (QUAD) and SGM
were developed by the Forensic Science Service in the UK. The AmpF
STR
SGM Plus
became
commercially available in 1998 and has been adopted by a large number of laboratories for
routine forensic casework. The AmpF
STR
Identifiler
and PowerPlex
16 both analyse 15 STR
including the 13 loci CODIS loci that are required to be analysed for forensic casework in the USA.
The two kits are used widely worldwide, particularly for kinship testing; other kits with additional
loci are also available (see Chapter 10)
QUAD
SGM Plus
Identifiler
PowerPlex
16
SGM
vWA
Amelogenin
Amelogenin
Amelogenin
Amelogenin
THO1
vWA
D3S1358
D3S1358
D3S1358
F13A1
D8S1179
vWA
vWA
vWA
FES
D21S11
D16S359
D16S359
D16S359
D18S51
D8S1179
D8S1179
D8S1179
THO1
D21S11
D21S11
D21S11
FGA
D18S51
D18S51
D18S51
THO1
TH01
TH01
FGA
FGA
FGA
D13S317
D13S317
CSF1PO
CSF1PO
D7S820
D7S820
TPOX
TPOX
D5S818
D5S818
D2S1338
D2S1338
Penta D
D19S433
D19S433
Penta E
TH01
-
Simple repeat with a non-consensus allele
AATG
AATG
AATG
AATG
AATG
AATG
AATG
allele 7
allele 9.3
AATG
AATG
AATG
AATG
AATG
AATG
ATG
AATG
AATG
AATG
FGA
-
Compound repeat
allele 17
allele 20
TTTC
TTTT
TTCT
CTTT
CTCC
TTCC
D21S11
-
Complex repeat sequence
allele 28
allele 30.2
TCTA
TCTG
TA
Sequence not included in repeat
Figure 6.1
The structure of three commonly used STR loci, TH01, FGA and D21S11. The TH01 locus
has a simple repeat with a non-consensus allele; in the example, the 9.3 allele is missing the first
A from the seventh repeat. The FGA locus is a compound repeat composed of several elements.
The D21S11 allele is an example of a complex repeat; the three regions not included in the FGA
nomenclature are an invariant TA, TCA and TCCATA sequence
