Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
1.0E
+
12
1.0E
11
+
♦
Trios: mother, child, tested man
1.0E
+
10
♦
Motherless cases
1.0E
09
+
1.0E
+
08
1.0E
+
07
1.0E
+
06
1.0E
+
05
1.0E
+
04
1.0E
+
03
1.0E
+
02
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Cases with Caucasian Individuals
Figure 11.2
Paternity indices are shown for 100 trio (mother, child and tested man) and 100
motherless paternity cases using the PowerPlex
16 loci. The cases were simulated - values for
trio and motherless cases were based on different simulations
Table 11.5
The impact of prior probabilities on the probability of paternity is
shown with two paternity indexes: one with a value of 1000 and the other taken
from the above example, with a value of 2 920 823
Paternity index
Prior odds
1000
2 920 823
0.0001
0.090 917 356
0.996 588 329
0.0010
0.500 250 125
0.999 658 09
0.0100
0.909 918 107
0.999 966 107
0.1000
0.991 080 278
0.999 996 919
0.5000
0.999 000 999
0.999 999 658
0.7500
0.999 666 778
0.999 999 886
0.9000
0.999 888 901
0.999 999 962
examined than those encountered in parentage testing, such as determination of sib-
ship [31] and paternity tests to discriminate between close relatives [16, 32 - 34].
Identification of human remains
The first application of DNA analysis to the identification of human remains was in
1987, when skeletal remains were profiled using single nucleotide polymorphisms in
