Cross-Coupling Chemistry in Continuous Flow - New Trends in Cross-Coupling: Theory and Applications - page 610

CHAPTER 13
Cross-Coupling Chemistry
in Continuous Flow
TIMOTHY NO ¨ L* AND VOLKER HESSEL
Micro Flow Chemistry and Process Technology, Department of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den
Dolech 2 (STW 1.48), 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
*Email: [e-mail]
13.1 Introduction
Cross-coupling chemistry has attracted a lot of attention from researchers in
academia and industry since it allows the reliable formation of carbon-
carbon and carbon-heteroatom bonds. 1 This methodology has found
widespread use in the synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients, nat-
ural products and other biologically active molecules and, additionally, it
has found substantial application in material science. Since the initial
breakthroughs in the early 1970s, much research effort has been devoted to
bringing this chemistry to maturity, and substantial emphasis has been
placed on the development of more active catalytic systems, allowing the
reduction of the catalyst loading and the conversion of a wide array of
substrate classes. 2 For economic and environmental reasons, a recent trend
in cross-coupling involves the use of more abundant first-row transition
metal-based catalysts. 2 More recently, continuous flow microreactors have
been utilized to give another boost to cross-coupling chemistry. No ¨ l and
Buchwald recently reviewed the successful merger of continuous flow tech-
nology and cross-coupling chemistry. 3 In this chapter, we discuss the merits