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CHAPTER 8
Preparation and
Characterization of Model
Catalysts for the HCl
Oxidation Reaction
CHRISTIAN KANZLER, HERBERT OVER,*
BERND M. SMARSLY* AND CLAAS WESSEL
Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universit¨t Gießen,
Heinrich-Buff-Ring 58, D-35392, Gießen, Germany
*Email: Herbert.Over@phys.chemie.uni-giessen.de;
Bernd.Smarsly@phys.chemie.uni-giessen.de
.
8.1 The Deacon Process: Oxidation of HCl
In this chapter we concentrate on the heterogeneously catalyzed HCl oxi-
dation (the so-called Deacon process), which is an industrially important
reaction for recycling Cl
2
from the toxic and unavoidable waste by-product
HCl, which amounts worldwide to some 10million tons annually.
1
Hetero-
geneously catalyzed HCl oxidation is known to be an extremely corrosive
reaction which had prevented industrial application for some 140 years after
the invention by Henry Deacon.
2
The original Deacon process was patented
in 1868 using a CuO catalyst and consists of consecutive solid-state re-
actions. First, CuO is chlorinated to CuCl
2
and in a subsequent step the
CuCl
2
is re-oxidized to CuO, thereby releasing the desired product of
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