Hierarchical Nanostructures for Solar Cells - Hierarchical Nanostructures for Energy Devices - page 71

Figure 4.6 (a) Left: FESEM image of the upper epidermis of A. vitifolia Buch. leaf; the inset shows a 3D image of the same. Right:

illustration of epidermal focusing by a lens mechanism and light distribution within the leaf. (b) Magnified surface image of
bundle sheath extensions (top view) obtained by digital microscopy; the inset is a 3D illustration of the same. (c) Cross-section
of the vein architecture observed with optical microscopy. (d) FESEM image of the cross-section of the vein architecture. (e)
Optical microscopy image of the cross-section of A. vitifolia Buch. leaf, indicating the differentiation of leaf mesophyll into
palisade and spongy layers. (f) Cross-section observed under CLSM; the inset is a magnified image, (g) pathway of light through
a dicotyledon leaf as envisioned by stochastic theory. (h) TEM image of a chloroplast in mesophyll cells and (i) TEM image
of a granum—the layered nanostructure of thylakoid membranes.
Reproduced with permission from ref. 19. Copyright 2013, Wiley-VCH.