Pesticide Residues in Birds and Mammals - Pesticides: Evaluation of Environmental Pollution - page 440

TABLE 14.6
Concentrations of Selected First and Second Anticoagulant Rodenticides Detected in Livers of Wild Mammals Across the World

N
Positive Species Country N Brodifacoum Bromadiolone Chlorophacinone Coumatetralyl Difenacoum Difethialone Diphacinone Warfarin Source

Mustela lutreola France 31 1 — 5.0 — — — — — — Fournier-

Chambrillon
et al. (2004)

Mustela nivalis United

Kingdom

10 3 — 0.25 — 0.0295

(0.0085-0.06)

— — — — McDonald et

al. (1998)

Mustela nivalis New

Zealand

14 10 1.26 — — — — — — — Murphy et al.

(1998)

Mustela nivalis New

Zealand

18 13 0.33

(0.0-0.93)

— — — — — — — Spurr et al.

(2005)

Mustela putorius United

Kingdom

50 13 0.008 0.079

(0.016-0.217)

— — 0.106

(0.005-0.321)

— — — Shore et al.

(1999)

Mustela putorius United

Kingdom

50 18 0.06

(0.05-0.07)

0.12
(0.03-0.19)

— — 0.30

(0.02-0.92)

— — — Shore et al.

(2003)

Mustela putorius France 33 5 — 3.4 (0.6-9.0) — — — — — — Fournier-

Chambrillon
et al. (2004)

Mustela vison France 47 7 — 2.7 (1.9-4.2) 5.5 (3.4-8.5) — — — — — Fournier-

Chambrillon
et al. (2004)

Odocoileus
virginianus

United
States

6 6 0.29

(0.12-0.41)

— — 0.5 — — 0.93 — Stone et al.

(1999)

Oryctolagus
cuniculus

France 13 12 — 1.35* (1.3-1.4) 2.9* (1.1-14.3) — — — — — Berny et al.

(1997)

Sciurus
carolinensis

United
States

6 6 1.68

(0.53-4.10)

— 0.62 — — — 2.0 0.228 Stone et al.

(1999)

Sus scrofa France 6 6 — 0.6* (0.4-3.6) 1.2* (0.6-1.4) — — — — — Berny et al.

(1997)

Sus scrofa 35 21 (0.007-1.38) — — — — — — — Eason et al.

(2002)
Vulves vulpes France 31 31 — 1.5* (0.8-6.9) 0.3* (0.2-0.6) — — — — — Berny et al.
(1997)
Values are arithmetic means (and/or range), otherwise stated (* = median), of positive cases and are expressed as μg/g WW. Animals studied were usually found
dead or moribund in the wild, or captured, and, in some cases, a diagnosis of anticoagulant poisoning was made.

New
Zealand