Pesticide Residues in Birds and Mammals - Pesticides: Evaluation of Environmental Pollution - page 436

TABLE 14.5
Concentrations of Selected First and Second Anticoagulant Rodenticides Detected in the Livers of Wild Birds Across the World

N
Positive Species Country N Brodifacoum Bromadiolone Chlorophacinone Coumatetralyl Difenacoum Difethialone Diphacinone Warfarin Source

Accipiter cooperii United

States

50 18 0.10

(0.008-0.22)

0.35 (0.04-0.60) — — — — 0.10 0.10 Stone et al.

(2003)

Anas
platyrhynchos

New
Zealand

2 2 1.07

(0.90-1.23)

— — — — — — — Eason et

al. (2002)

Anas
platyrhynchos

Spain 3 3 — — 1.34 (0.71-2.17) — — — — — Olea et al.

(2009)

Apteryx australis New

Zealand

29 14 0.09

(0.01-0.69)

— — — — — — — Eason et

al. (2002)

Bubo virginianus United

States

13 13 0.33

(0.01-0.73)

0.14 — — — — — — Stone et al.

(1999)

Bubo virginianus United

States

53 43 0.21

(0.007-0.97)

0.23 (0.05-1.08) — — — — — 0.73 Stone et al.

(2003)

Bubo virginianus Canada 61 43 0.052

(0.001-0.609)

0.042
(0.005.0.571)

0.0029
(0.0025-0.014)

— — 0.004

(0.0025-0.03)

0.011
(0.008-0.012)

0.0037
(0.0025-
0.72)

Albert et
al. (2010)

Buteo buteo France 16 15 — 0.4* (0.2-1.3) 0.3* (0.2-0.5) — — — — — Berny et

al. (1997)

Spain

Buteo buteo 3 1 — — 0.12 — — — — — Olea et al.

(2009)

Buteo jamaicensis United

States

7 7 0.65

(0.23-1.60)

— — — — — — — Stone et al.

(1999)

Buteo jamaicensis United

States

78 45 0.21

(0.006-1.28)

0.23 (0.08-0.50) 0.18 — — — 0.34 — Stone et al.

(2003)

Cathartes aura Netherlands 2 2 0.190 — — — — — — — Borst and

Counotte
(2002)

Circus
approximans

New
Zealand

2 2 0.64

(0.61-0.66)

— — — — — — — Eason et

al. (2002)

Columba livia France 4 4 — — 3.4* (1.7-3.5) — — — — — Berny et

al. (1997)