Pesticide Residues in the Environment - Pesticides: Evaluation of Environmental Pollution - page 160

TABLE 6.4 (Continued)
Properties of Different Classes of Pesticides

K ow
log P
(25°C)

Vapor Pressure
(mPa) (25°C)

Water Solubility
(mg/L) (25°C)

Half-Life in
Soil (days) Common Name

Deltamethrin 1.24×10 −5 4.6 <0.2×10 −3 23

Esfenvalerate 2×10 −4 6.22 0.002 35-88

Tau-fluvalinate 9×10 −8 4.26 0.001 a 12-92

Permethrin cis:0.0025

trans:0.0015

6.1 a 6×10 −3a <38

Azole fungicides
Cyproconazole

0.04 a 2.91 140 90

Flusilazole 0.04 3.74 54 a 95

Hexaconazole 0.018 a 3.9 17 —

Imazalil 0.158 a 3.82 180 a 150

Prochloraz 0.09 a 4.12 34.4 120

Propiconazole 0.03 a 3.72 100 a 110

Tebuconazole 0.002 a 3.7 36 a —

Triadimefon 0.02 a 3.11 64 a 6-60

Benzimidazole fungicides
Benomyl

<0.005 1.37 0.003 67

Carbendazim 0.15 1.51 8 120

Thiabendazole 4.6×10 −4 2.39 30 a 33-120

Dithiocarbamate fungicides
Mancozeb

<1 a 1.8 6.2 6-15

Maneb <0.01 a −0.45 257 25

Metiram <0.01 a 0.3 0.1 20

Nabam Negligible — 2×10 5 —

Zineb <0.01 a ≤1.3 10 23

Ziram <0.001 a 1.23 1.58-18.3 a 2

Sources: DatafromTomlin,C.(ed.)2000.In: The Pesticide Manual ,BritishCropProtectionCouncil:Surrey;Hornsby,
A.G.,Wauchope,R.D.,andHerner,A.E.1996. Pesticide Properties in the Environment .Springer-Verlag:New
York;DeLiñan,C.1997.In: Farmacología Vegetal ,EdicionesAgrotecnicasS.L.; http://ec.europa.eu/food/
plant/protection/evaluation/exist_subs_rep_en.htm ; http://www.epa.gov/opprd001/factsheets/ .
a 20°C, b 60°C, c 18°C-23°C, d 22°C, e 24°C.

wascarriedout(Noegrohatietal.2008).Theyoccurredatafasterrateinthebiphasicmode
inwetconditionsandataslowerrateindryconditions.Inwetconditions,theconversion
fromp,pʹ-DDTtop,pʹ-DDEandp,pʹ-DDD(1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-ethane)was
governedbyparallelreactions.Indryconditions,onlyp,pʹ-DDEwasformed.Thefateand
behaviorofOCPsinsedimentestuaryaresimilartothoseinsoilunderwetconditions,
exceptthattheirsorption-desorptionconstantsareinluencedbyestuarinesurfacewater
salinity(Noegrohatietal.2008).
Thedataobtainedfromthep,pʹ-DDTcolumnshowthatp,pʹ-DDTanditsdegradation
products,p,pʹ-DDEandp,pʹ-DDD,weredetectedonlyuptoa20-cmdepth(thefourthlayer
of5cmthickness).Asimilarresultwasobservedforthep,pʹ-DDEcolumn(Noegrohati
etal.2008).