Pesticide Residues in the Environment - Pesticides: Evaluation of Environmental Pollution - page 157

TABLE 6.4
Properties of Different Classes of Pesticides

K ow
log P
(25°C)

Vapor Pressure
(mPa) (25°C)

Water Solubility
(mg/L) (25°C)

Half-Life in
Soil (days) Common Name

Amide herbicides
Acetochlor 0.005 4.14 223 8-18

Alachlor 2.0 3.09 170 a 1-30

Butachlor 0.24 — 23 a 12

Metolachlor 4.2 2.9 488 20

Propachlor 10 1.4-2.3 580 4

Propanil 0.05 3.3 130 a 2-3

Benzoic acid herbicides
Chloramben

— — 0.7 14-21

Chlorthal-dimethyl 0.21 4.28 0.5×10 −3 33

Dicamba 1.67 −1.88 6.1 <14

Carbamate herbicides
Chlorpropham

1.3 3.76 89 30-65

Desmedipham 4×10 −5 3.39 7 a 34

EPTC 0.01 3.2 375 6-30

Molinate 746 2.88 970 8-25

Phenmedipham 1.3×10 −6 3.59 4.7 25

Propham Sublimesslowly — 250 a 5-15

Thiobencarb 2.93 3.42 30 a 14-21

Triallate 16 4.6 4 56-77

Nitrile herbicides
Bromoxynil

6.3×10 −3 2.8 130 10

Ioxynil <1 3.43 50 10

Nitroaniline herbicides
Butralin

0.77 4.93 1 14

Ethalfluralin 11.7 5.11 0.3 25-46

Pendimethalin 4 5.18 0.3 a 90-120

Trifluralin 6.1 4.83 a 0.22 57-126

Organophosphorus herbicides
Glyphosate

<−3.2 11.6 3-174

1.3×10 −2

Glufosinate-ammonium <0.1 a <0.1 1370 7-20

Phenoxy acid herbicides
2,4-D

1.86×10 −2 0.04 23,180 a <7

Diclofop 9.7×10 −6 2.81 122,700 a 30

Fenoxaprop-p 1.8×10 −1a 1.83 61,000 a 1-10

Fluazifop-p −0.8 780 a <32

7.9×10 −4a

MCPA −0.71 274 <7

2.3×10 −2a

Mecoprop-p 0.4 a 0.02 860 a 3-13

Quizalofop-p-ethyl 4.66 0.61 a ≤1

1.1×10 −4a

Triclopyr 0.2 −0.45 8.10 a 46

( continued )