Microbial Remediation of Pesticides - Pesticides: Evaluation of Environmental Pollution - page 141

multidisciplinary approach (Gadd 2010). A vast diversity of uncultivable or yet to culture
microorganisms points towards the necessity for the identification of microbial commu-
nities of polluted sites. This has led to community analyses using total community DNA
extracted from the contaminated sites. Comparative genomic analysis and microarray
technology may be used to determine patterns of gene expression and to detect novel
metabolic pathways for pesticide remediation. This will provide functional information
about genes of unknown function related with specific pesticide cleaning. Microarray
technology is very useful in functional diversity studies to track highly expressed
genes and genes critical in biogeochemical pathways (Torsvik and Øvreås 2002). It is
also important to understand how microbial cells are regulated under varying condi-
tions such as carbon supply, energy source, and electron acceptor availability and how
microbial community responds to environmental changes at different stages of pesti-
cide remediation. Studies on microbial systematics, microbial sequences, comparative
genomics, and microarray technology will certainly improve our understanding of the
structure-function relationships and the effects of abiotic and biotic factors on microbial
communities of polluted sites. It is conceivable that the research field dealing with the
interaction of microbial genomes with the environment will play an important role to
develop sustainable microbial remediation of pesticides in the future.
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