Pattern Classifications in Cognitive Informatics - Computational Intelligence Paradigms in Advanced Pattern Classification - page 44

The most frequent ones include:

• the wrong definition of the formal grammar,

• no definition of the appropriate semantic reference,

an incompletely defined pattern,

•

• a wrongly defined pattern,

• a representative from outside the recognisable data class accepted for

analysing.

All these reasons may cause a failure at the stage of determining the semantic
consistency of the analysed specimen and the formal language adopted for the
analysis. In this case, the whole definition process should be reconsidered, as the
error could have occurred at any stage of it.
Cognitive systems carry out the correct semantic analysis by applying a
linguistic approach developed by analogy to cognitive/decision-making processes
taking place in the human brain. These processes are aimed at the in-depth
analysis of various data sets. Their correct course implies that the human cognitive
system is successful. The system thus becomes the foundation for designing
cognitive data analysis systems.
Cognitive systems designed for semantic data analysis used in the cognitive
informatics field execute data analysis in three “stages”. This split is presented in
Figure 4.

Fig. 4 The three-stage operation of cognitive systems in the cognitive informatics field