Turkey In Focus - Discover Turkey: Experience the Best of Turkey - page 684

Over 100,000 soldiers die on the Gallipolli Peninsula in one of WWI's bloodiest epis-
odes. Gallipoli cemetery
1920
The humiliating Treaty of Sèvres dismembers the Ottoman Empire, leaving the Turks a
sliver of steppe.
1923
Foundation of the Republic of Turkey, with Mustafa Kemal (Atatürk) as its first presid-
ent.
1938
Atatürk dies aged 57, and is succeeded by İsmet İnönü.
1971
Military coup. The army returns power to the state in 1973.
1980
Military coup. The army re-establishes order by creating the highly feared National Se-
curity Council.
1993-96
Tansu Çiller is Turkey's first and only female prime minister to date.
1999
PKK leader Abdullah Öcalan's capture offers an opportunity (largely unrealised) to
settle the Kurdish question.
2002
The newly formed AKP party wins a landslide victory in the general election.
2010
Turkey votes for change in the referendum on constitutional reform.
2011