Travel Reference
In-Depth Information
Falcone-Borsellino Airport, Palermo (PMO; Punta Raisi Airport; www.gesap.it ) European connections include Lon-
don (Gatwick and Stansted), Marseilles, Madrid, Vienna, Munich, Cologne and Amsterdam. There are also inter-contin-
ental flights to Tunis and New York (seasonal), and regular domestic flights to the islands of Pantelleria and Lampedusa.
Fontanarossa Airport, Catania (CTA; www.aeroporto.catania.it ) Destinations include London (Gatwick), Paris
(Charles de Gaulle and Orly), Amsterdam, Copenhagen, Geneva, Zurich, Berlin, Cologne and Barcelona. Airlines in-
clude Alitalia, Air Berlin, Lufthansa, easyJet and Germanwings.
Vincenzo Florio Airport, Trapani (TPS; Birgi Airport; www.airgest.it ) Ryanair operates direct flights to several
European destinations, including London (Luton), Paris (Beauvais), Barcelona (Girona), Malta and Stockholm
(Skavsta). Darwin Airline serves Pantelleria.
Tickets
The internet is the easiest way of locating and booking reasonably priced seats.
Full-time students and those aged under 26 may qualify for discounted fares at agencies such as STA Travel
( www.statravel.com ). Many of these fares require a valid International Student Identity Card (ISIC).
CLIMATE CHANGE & TRAVEL
Every form of transport that relies on carbon-based fuel generates CO 2 , the main cause of human-induced climate
change. Modern travel is dependent on aeroplanes, which might use less fuel per kilometre per person than most
cars but travel much greater distances. The altitude at which aircraft emit gases (including CO 2 ) and particles also
contributes to their climate change impact. Many websites offer 'carbon calculators' that allow people to estimate
the carbon emissions generated by their journey and, for those who wish to do so, to off set the impact of the
greenhouse gases emitted with contributions to portfolios of climate-friendly initiatives throughout the world.
Lonely Planet off sets the carbon footprint of all staff and author travel.
Land
Reaching southern Italy overland involves travelling the entire length of the country, which can either be an enormous
drain on your time or, if you have plenty to spare, a wonderful way of seeing Italy. Buses are usually the cheapest op-
tion, but services are less frequent and less comfortable than the train.
Border Crossings
The main points of entry to Italy are: the Mont Blanc Tunnel from France at Chamonix; the Grand St Bernard, Gotthard
and Lötschberg Base tunnels from Switzerland; and the Brenner Pass from Austria. All are open year-round. Mountain
passes are often closed in winter and sometimes even in autumn and spring, making the tunnels a more reliable option.
Make sure you have snow chains if driving in winter.
Regular trains on two western lines connect Italy with France (one along the coast and the other from Turin into the
French Alps). Trains from Milan head north into Switzerland and on towards the Benelux countries. Further east, two
main lines head for the main cities in central and eastern Europe. Those crossing the Brenner Pass go to Innsbruck, Stut-
tgart and Munich. Those crossing at Tarvisio proceed to Vienna, Salzburg and Prague. The main international train line
to Slovenia crosses near Trieste.
 
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