FOOTLOOSE FOOD - MEAT: A Benign Extravagance - page 165

can be as low as 2:1. On the other hand farmed carnivorous species are sometimes fed extravagantly on wild fish such
as anchovies; and there are issues of disease and pests infecting wild stock. Just as the privatization of land results in
landless people, so the privatization of marine resources may result in poor people being made 'sealess'. Regrettably I
have not had time or space to cover fish-farming satisfactorily in this topic.
18 For a typical formulation of the marine tragedy of the commons argument, see Loayza, E with Sprague, L (1992),
A Strategy for Fisheries Development , World Bank Discussion Paper, Fisheries series 135.
19 McEvoy, Arthur (1990), 'Towards an Interactive Theory of Nature and Culture', in Worster, Donald (ed), The
Ends of the Earth: Perspectives on Modern Environmental History , Cambridge, 1990, p226; J. McGoodwin, Crisis in the
World's Fisheries, People, Problems and Politics , Stanford University Press, 1990, p 196.
20 T he Ecologist , special issue on fishing, vol 25 2/3, 1995.
21 Loftgren, O (1982), 'From Peasant Fishing to Industrial Trawling', in Maiolo, J and Orbach, M, Modernization
and Marine Fisheries Policy , Ann Arbor Science, Butterworth, London, p 154-60.
22 Ruddle, K, Hviding, E and Johannes, R (1991), Customary Marine Tenure: An Option for Small Scale Fisheries
Management , Centre for Development Studies, University of Bergen, 1991.
23 The above paragraph is taken from Fairlie, S, Hagler, M and O'Riordan, B (1995), 'The Politics of Overfishing',
The Ecologist , Vol 25 No 2/3 March-May 1995.
24 Acheson, J (1982) in Maiolo and Orbach, op cit .21.
25 Harper, Mary (2008), Mummy Can I Phone the Pirates , BBC News, 29 November 2008; Hunter, Robyn (2008),
Somali Pirates Living the High Life , BBC News, 28 October 2008.
26 Vivekanandan, V (2003), Socio-Economic Dimensions of Overcapacity and IUU South Indian Federation of
Fishermen Societies, Asia Pacific Fishery Commission www.apfic.org ; Fegan, Brian (2003), 'Plundering the Sea:
Regulating Trawling Companies is Difficult when the Navy is in Business with Them', Inside Indonesia , ht-
tp://www.insideindonesia.org/content/view/339/29/
27 Soule, Ahmedou Oulde (2003) 'Mauritania', Country Pasture Profiles , FAO, http://www.fao.org/ag/AGP/AGPC/
doc/pasture/forage.htm
28 Harris, Marvin (1974) 'Mother Cow', Cows, Pigs, Wars and Witches, Vintage Books; and Harris, Marvin (1986)
'The Riddle of the Sacred Cow', Good to Eat, Allen and Unwin.
29 Savory, Allan (1999), Holistic Management , Island Press, p 198.
30 Rosen, Steven J (2004), Holy Cow , Lantern Books.
31 For an explanation of this word, and a transcription of the poem from which the quote at the opening of this chapter
is taken, see Brown, Ivor (1960), Chosen Words , Penguin.
32 Jha, D N (2002), The Myth of the Sacred Cow , Verso, 2002; Rifkin, J (1992), Beyond Beef , Dutton
33 Rosen (2004), op cit .29.
34 Ambedkar, D N (1948), The Untouchables: Who Were They and Why They Became Untouchables? 1948, ht-
tp://www.ambedkar.org
35 Thomas, Keith (1983), Man and the Natural World , Penguin, p 54.
36 Maine, Henry (1875), Lectures on the Early History of Institutions , Lecture III.
37 Gandhi, M K quoted in Rosen (2004), op cit .29.
38 Gandhi, M K (1954), How to Serve the Cow , Navajivan Publishing House, Ahmedabad, pp 7 and 26