Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
m
140
N
1
W
E
8
120
S
2
10
Turf,
crypto-
podzolic,
low-humic
9
100
10
3
15
80
11
5
Turf,
podzolic,
eroded
12
20
60
6
13
25
40
7
20
Meadow-
turf
30
50
m
0
10
20
30
40
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160 m
- Hydrophysical site
- Operating bore pit
- Monitoring hydrophysical bore pit
- Operating well
- Ombrometer
- Site for checking of
chloride indicator
Figure 3.7
Scheme of a surface depression with technical elements of its research.
2. Places with the most active or passive geodynamic processes by the degree of
stability of the soil and vegetation cover
3. Stage of depression development (ancient active, young active, ancient
passive) by the character nature of the depression bottom (convex, concave,
flat) and changes in the thickness of stratigraphic horizons (as compared to
the background)
4. Character of rock watering at certain stages of their development by the
traces of rock hydromorphism at some horizons
5. Temperature and humidity conditions by traces of ancient cryogenesis
6. Activity of geochemical processes by the size and number of tumors
Most of the depressions are oval, often extended along the long axis
(Figure 3.7), with asymmetrical sides. On steep slopes disturbance of soil and veg-
etation often takes place. From background areas to the central parts of the
depressions, change in the genetic varieties of soils occurs from zonal to azonal
transformed by the hydromorphism and the specific nature of the development
and humification of biological objects.
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