Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Vertical flow velocity in Kyiv marls,
w, m/day:
Pripyat
<0
0-10
-7
10
-7
-10
-6
10
-6
-10
-5
10
-5
-10
-4
10
-4
-10
-3
>10
-3
Chernobyl
Irpen
Kyiv
Brovary
Borispol
Boyarka
Berezan
Vasilkov
Obukhov
Pereyaslav-Khmelnitsky
0
10
20
km
Figure 5.10
Map of vertical flow velocity
w
in the low-permeability layer = of Kyiv marls
taken from a 3D hydrogeological model of the Kyiv region [
Rudenko et al
., 1997;
Shestopalov et al
., 1997].
White zones on the flow velocity map in Figure 5.10 correspond to areas with upward
flow or negative values of
w
. The highest positive values of
w
(maximum downward
flow) are observed in the area of the depression cone formed by the groundwater
intakes of Cenomanian-Callovian (third from the surface) and Bajocean (fourth
from the surface) aquifers operating for the water supply of Kyiv City.
Following the overlaying procedure for the two maps discussed above, the aver-
age-value zones for velocities
w
and thicknesses
m
0
were determined. For these zones
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