Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
run on a commercial basis. The reason for this is primarily the need to finance expan-
sion. Many of the key hub airports in Europe and the busiest in the US are congested
now and will continue to be so in future, as the rapid growth of air traffic outstrips the
supply of infrastructure. New large aircraft such as the Airbus A380 will require new
investment and design of new or redeveloped facilities in order to cope with the pro-
cessing of passenger loads of up to 1000 people.
Worldwide, it is estimated that US$500 billion will be required to fund future devel-
opment to accommodate forecast traffic growth from 1999 up to 2020 (Momberger,
2001). Some examples of the major developments are listed in Table 2.2. Such pres-
sures have led governments around the world to adopt or consider forms of privati-
zation and commercialization in order to relieve themselves of the financial burden
of airport ownership (Humphreys and Francis, 2000).
Ta b l e 2 . 2
Major new airport projects
Airport/terminal
Estimated investment
Opening date/major projects
Europe
Amsterdam-Schiphol
US$18.7 billion
(NLG 35 billion)
terminal expansion, fifth runway;
new offshore airport after 2025
(project on hold)
Paris (third airport)
US$3.6 billion (FRF 20 billion)
new airport after 2015
Berlin-Schonefeld
US$3.2 billion (DEM 7 billion)
first-phase expansion until 2007
Frankfurt
US$2.3 billion (DEM 5 billion)
CargoCity South and pax termi-
nal expansions: fourth runway
London Heathrow T5
US$2.3 billion
(UK£1.46 billion)
complete by 2013? decision
pending
Athens-Spata
US$2.3 billion (Ecu 2 billion)
March 2001 - complete by 2013
Middle East
Tehran Imam Khomeini
International
US$1 billion
completely new airport
Tel Aviv-Ben Gurion/Israel
US$950 million
Ben Gurion 2000; third terminal
(phase 1)
Abu Dhabi/UAE
US$630 million
doubling of terminal capacity;
new runway
North America
New York-JFK
US$9.3 billion
by 2006; new terminals and ter-
minal and infrastructure redevel-
opment, includes US$1.5 billion
AirTrain
rail link
Los Angeles International
US$8 billion
development under 15-year
master plan
Miami International
US$5.5 billion
staged expansion of pax and
cargo facilities
