Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Figure 8.3
Dependence of HSR traffic upon the length of the HSR network in Europe
will be able to link the major cities and airports on one side, and to provide an inter-
modal connection with air, HSR and urban-metro transport systems, on the other.
However, as in the case of HSR, both national and/or international infrastructure
networks for MAGLEV may take decades to develop to the level of having a signifi-
cant global impact upon the transport market (Kretzschmar, 1995).
T
HE
INTERACTIONS
BETWEEN
HIGH
-
SPEED
TRANSPORT
SYSTEMS
While operating in the same market corridors of Western Europe, HSR and APT
are in permanent dynamic interaction with different internal and external impacts,
as follows:
•
In terms of type of interactions, HSR and APT may either compete or be com-
plementary to each other. Both relationships may contribute to a redistribution
of existing transport demand and generation (induction) of new demand, may
improve the internal efficiency of each transport system, and thus of the whole
transport sector, and may revitalize both regional and national transport net-
works through their better integration in the trans-European transport networks
(TENs) (EC, 1998a, 1998b).
•
Both HSR and APT have significantly influenced the micro and macro spatial,
socio-economic and political development of particular Western European
regions. In general, the most evident have tended to be changes in the structure
and spatial distribution of the existing and new socio-economic activities.
•
In addition to telecommunications and information technology, by covering
much wider areas in much shorter time than the conventional systems, HSR
