Historical Use of Chlorinated Solvents and Their Stabilizing Compounds - Environmental Investigation and Remediation - page 64

TABLE 1.33
Organic Carbon Partition Coeffi cient Contrasts for Stabilizers with Trichloroethylene

K oc Ratio
(Stabilizer:Solvent) Stabilizer Log K oc Rank

Retained in Filter
Diisobutylene 2.4 2.75 1

Pentanol-2-triethanolamine 2.2 1.45 2

Decreasing Retention in Carbon Filter
Diisopropylamine

2.2 1.41 3

Isobutyl alcohol 1.8 0.63 4

Ethyl acetate 1.8 0.59 5

Styrene oxide 1.7 0.52 6

Pyridine 1.7 0.50 7

Epichlorohydrin 1.6 0.40 8

2-Methyl-3-butyn-2-ol 1.6 0.35 9

2-Butanone 1.5 0.32 10

Propylene oxide 1.4 0.25 11

Isopropyl alcohol 1.4 0.25 11

Phenol 1.2 0.16 13

Isopropyl acetate 1.2 0.15 14

1,2-Butylene oxide 0.90 0.08 15

Thymol 0.52 0.03 16

Triethanolamine 0.48 0.01 17

Triethylamine 0.48 0.03 17

t -Amyl alcohol 0.46 0.03 18

Source: See Appendix 2 for a tabulation of physical and chemical properties of solvent-stabilizer compounds with full
citations.
Note: For trichloroethylene, log K oc = 2.00.

steam cleaning or where water is used in the recovery process. Guidance for replenishing stabilizers
calls for blending one part of reclaimed solvent with four parts of virgin solvent.
Stabilizers were also added directly back to solvents during ongoing solvent distillation in
degreasing operations and in solvent-recycling operations. Operators were cautioned that (1) direct
addition of stabilizers in pure form requires more skill and training to determine the correct amounts
of acid acceptor, metal stabilizer, and antioxidant and (2) stabilizers are highly l ammable, toxic,
and possibly carcinogenic. Nevertheless, direct addition of solvent stabilizers was practiced. For
example, technicians at Warner Robins Air Logistics Center in Georgia maintained a supply of
1,2-butylene oxide to replenish acid acceptors in reclaimed solvents (Howell and Tarrer, 1994).
Dow Chemical markets MaxiStab, a stabilizer concentrate used to replenish stabilizers in sol-
vents. In low-emission degreasing systems, stabilizers are depleted faster than they are replenished
by the addition of fresh solvent. The MaxiStab line of stabilizer concentrates are tailored to each of
Dow's chlorinated solvent lines, underscoring the specialization of stabilizer packages for specii c
applications (Dow Chemical Company, 2006b). A stabilizer concentrate is currently sold for newer
lines of degreaser solvents, such as n -propyl bromide; the contents may include 1,2-butylene oxide,
dimethoxymethane, and 2-methyl-2-propanol, as well as other compounds (Petroferm, Inc., 2005).
Another means of replenishing solvent stabilizers is accomplished through solvent conditioning.
For dry cleaning, a deodorizing and antistatic powdered additive is used that also coagulates impurities