Historical Use of Chlorinated Solvents and Their Stabilizing Compounds - Environmental Investigation and Remediation - page 45

TABLE 1.23
Acid-Acceptor Compounds Used in Chlorinated Solvents

Solvent and Trade Name and List
of Acid-Acceptor Compounds

Quantity
(vol%) References

Methylene chloride
Amylene Solvay SA (2002a)

<1.0

Methylene chloride, Technical Grade
Propylene oxide

0.5 Dow Chemical Company (1995)

Dichloromethane, Technical MIL-D-6998
Propylene oxide 2.0 Vulcan Chemicals (1987)

Methylene chloride, Technical
Cyclohexane

<0.10 Dow Chemical Company (1999a)

Neu-tri solvent: Trichloroethylene #56530
1,2-Butylene oxide

0.60 Dow Chemical Company (1981)

Stabilized trichloroethylene a
1,2-Butylene oxide 0.053 Watson and Rapp (1959)

Trimethylpentene (diisobutylene) 0.30 Watson and Rapp (1959), Pray and Chisholm (1960),

Fullhart and Swalheim (1962)

0.03

Stabilized trichloroethylene
Isopropyl alcohol 0.25 Monroe and Rapp (1959)

Pyridine 0.001-0.1 Ferri and Patron (1959)

Triethylamine 0.05-0.20 Shepherd (1962), McKinney et al. (1955), Tsuruta and

Fukuda (1983), Graham (1967)

Epichlorohydrin 0.31

0.09-0.8

Tsuruta and Fukuda (1983), Tarrer et al. (1989), Henschler
et al. (1984), World Health Organization (1985)

Perchloroethylene
Cyclohexene oxide 0.002

0.25

Blum (1984), Joshi et al. (1989), Dempf et al. (1980), Pray
and Chisholm (1960)

0.01-0.5

Butoxymethyl oxirane
( n -butyl glycidyl ether, BGE)

0.004
0.5

Joshi et al. (1989), Dow Chemical Company (1987)

4-Methylmorpholine 0.003 Blum (1984)

0.005
0.008

n -Methylmorpholine 0.0053 53 ppm in DOWPER: NIH (1986)

Epichlorohydrin 0.10 Van Waters and Rogers, Inc. (1990), Beckers (1974)

0.25

Methyl chloroform
1,2-Butylene oxide 0.47

0.3-0.6

Dow Chemical Company (1990), Occidental Chemical
Corporation (1989)

n -Methyl pyrrole Present Smallwood (1993)

Nitromethane 0.34

0.2-0.5

Dow Chemical Company (1990) and Occidental Chemical
Corporation (1989)

a Patent citation of a typical formulation of TCE in 1959 was 300 ppm 1,2-butylene oxide, 2500 ppm isopropylacetate, and
1500 ppm trimethylpentene (also called diisobutylene).