Forensic Applications for 1,4-Dioxane and Solvent Stabilizers - Environmental Investigation and Remediation - page 423

TABLE 9.3
Documented Impurities in Chlorinated Solvents and Their Potential for Enrichment
During Vapor Degreasing

Impurity
Amounts (Total)

Potential Concentration after
Vapor Degreasing Cycle References Impurities in Specifi c Chlorinated Solvents

Perchloroethylene (b.p. = 121°C)

[1] Carbon tetrachloride, methyl chloroform,

dichloromethane, trichloroethylene, and water

All would evaporate

<1%

[2] Trichloroethylene 1.6% Evaporates

[2] “Dichloromethane or 1,1-dichloroethylene” 0.13% Evaporates

[2] Vinyl chloride 0.07% Evaporates

[3] 1,2-Dichloroethane Evaporates

<0.3%

Methyl chloroform Evaporates

1,1,2-Trichloroethane Evaporates

Tetrachloroethane Concentrates

Pentachloroethane Concentrates

Hexachloroethane Concentrates

[5] Hexachlorobenzene may be present as a by-product NA Not calculated

[4] Methyl chloroform, dichloromethane See note a

Trichloroethylene (b.p. = 87°C)

[4] Methyl chloroform, dichloromethane See note a

[5] Hexachlorobenzene may be present as a by-product NA Not calculated

[6] Perchloroethylene, 1,1,2-trichloroethane, methyl

dichloroacetate, 1,1-dichloroethylene, and
chloroform b

Perchloroethylene and
1,1,2-trichloroethane will
concentrate—see text

<2%

[7] Carbon tetrachloride c 0.05% All would evaporate

Methyl chloroform c 0.035%

Chloroform c 0.01%

[8] Tetrachloroethylene d Concentrates

<0.03%

1,1-Dichloroethylene d Evaporates

<0.01%

Methyl chloroform d Evaporates

<0.01%

Chloroform d Evaporates

<0.01%

Carbon tetrachloride d Evaporates

<0.005%

Dichloromethane d Evaporates

<0.001%

Concentrates

Bromodichloromethane d (b.p. = 90°C) <0.1%

Methyl chloroform (b.p. = 73.8°C)

[9] 1,1-Dichloroethylene (in 18 of 22 samples) e 30-900 mg/L;

avg 300 mg/L

Evaporates

[9] 1,1-Dichloroethane e (in 11 of 22 samples) 680 mg/L Evaporates

Trichloroethylene e (in 12 of 22 samples) 1885 mg/L Concentrates

1,1,2-Trichloroethane e (in 9 of 22 samples) 1340 mg/L Concentrates

[10] 1,2-Dichloroethane, 1,1-dichloroethane, chloroform,

carbon tetrachloride, trichloroethylene, 1,1,2-
trichloroethane, and 1,l-dichloroethylene

[11] Chloroform f 100 ppm Evaporates

Carbon tetrachloride f (b.p. = 76.8°C) 250 ppm Concentrates

1,1-Dichloroethane f 426 ppm Evaporates

2300 ppm Concentrates

1,2-Dichloroethane f (b.p. = 83.5°C)

continued