Regulation and Risk Assessment of 1,4-Dioxane - Environmental Investigation and Remediation - page 267

TABLE 6.1 (continued)
State, Federal (EPA), and International Regulatory Guidelines, Action Levels, and
Remediation Targets for 1,4-Dioxane as of 2007
Soil (urban residential — leaching to groundwater): 0.41 mg/kg
Screening level II for assessment of ecological risk to mammals:
Soil: 63 mg/kg
Surface water: 4 mg/L
Ingestion and inhalation from tap water:
Groundwater (residential, domestic well): 5.2 ppb
Groundwater (urban residential): 8.9 ppb
Groundwater (occupational): 37 ppb
Pennsylvania: media-specifi c concentrations for organic-regulated substances [2]
Groundwater (residential — used aquifers): 5.6 μg/L
Groundwater (nonresidential — used aquifers): 24 μg/L
Groundwater (residential — nonuse aquifers): 56 μg/L
Groundwater (nonresidential — nonuse aquifers): 240 μg/L
Soil (nonresidential — direct contact): 210-240 mg/kg
Soil (residential — direct contact): 41 mg/kg
Soil (nonresidential — groundwater protection): 0.31-240 mg/kg
Soil (residential—groundwater protection): 0.0073-56 mg/kg
South Carolina: Drinking water health advisory [2]
Drinking water (monthly average): 70 μg/L
South Dakota: USEPA 2006 drinking water health advisories [9]
Drinking water (one-day health advisory a ): 4000 μg/L
Drinking water (10-day health advisory): 400 μg/L
Drinking water (1:10,000 cancer risk): 300 μg/L
Tennessee: Remediation guidance levels [21]
Groundwater: 3 μg/L
Soil: 60 mg/L
Texas: Protected concentration levels [2]
Groundwater (commercial or industrial): 18.6 μg/L
Groundwater (residential): 8.3 μg/L
Soil (total combined pathways—industrial): 2600 mg/kg
Soil (total combined pathways—residential): 552 mg/kg
Soil (groundwater protection—industrial): 0.36 mg/kg
Soil (groundwater protection—residential): 0.083 mg/kg
Virginia: Risk-based concentration [16]
Groundwater: 6.1 μg/L
Washington: Groundwater quality criteria [17]
Groundwater: 7 μg/L
West Virginia: Risk-based concentrations [2]
Groundwater: 6.1 μg/L
Soil (industrial): 5200 mg/kg
Soil (residential): 58 mg/kg
Wyoming [2]
Soil (residential): 44 mg/kg
continued