Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
TABLE 3.27
Relative Magnitudes of
Estimated
Effective Aqueous Diffusion Coeffi cients and Migration of Chlorinated Solvents and Solvent-Stabilizer
Compounds in Sarnia Clay
Distribution
Coeffi cient
b
K
d
(Dimensionless)
Aqueous Diffusion
Coeffi cient
c
D
w
(cm
2
/s)
Effective Diffusion
Coeffi cient
d
D
e
(cm
2
/s)
Calculated
Retardation Factor
e
R
f
(Dimensionless)
Diffusion Reduction
Coeffi cient
f
Apparent Diffusion
Coeffi cient
g
D
a
(cm
2
/s)
(Dimensionless)
Ω
Compound
a
1,3-Dioxolane
0.58
3.50
2.66 × 10
−05
5.31 × 10
−06
5.72 × 10
−02
1.52 × 10
−06
1,4-Dioxane
0.58
3.50
2.62 × 10
−05
5.24 × 10
−06
5.72 × 10
−02
1.50 × 10
−06
tert
-Butyl alcohol
0.928
5.00
2.14 × 10
−05
4.28 × 10
−06
4.00 × 10
−02
8.56 × 10
−07
sec
-Butyl alcohol
1.189
6.12
2.14 × 10
−05
4.28 × 10
−06
3.27 × 10
−02
6.98 × 10
−07
2-Methyl-3-butyn-2-ol
1.6936
8.30
2.19 × 10
−05
4.37 × 10
−06
2.41 × 10
−02
5.27 × 10
−07
Butoxymethyl oxirane
1.6414
8.07
2.10 × 10
−05
4.20 × 10
−06
2.48 × 10
−02
5.20 × 10
−07
Epichlorohydrin
2.61
12.24
2.52 × 10
−05
5.03 × 10
−06
1.63 × 10
−02
4.11 × 10
−07
Acetonitrile
2.61
2.32 × 10
−05
4.63 × 10
−06
12.24
1.63 × 10
−02
3.78 × 10
−07
1,2-Butylene oxide
2.61
2.20 × 10
−05
4.41 × 10
−06
12.24
1.63 × 10
−02
3.60 × 10
−07
Nitromethane
4.756
2.73 × 10
−05
5.45 × 10
−06
21.49
9.31 × 10
−03
2.54 × 10
−07
Diisopropylamine
63.22
1.94 × 10
−05
3.89 × 10
−06
273.33
7.32 × 10
−04
1.42 × 10
−08
Cyclohexane
95.99
2.13 × 10
−05
4.25 × 10
−06
414.50
4.83 × 10
−04
1.03 × 10
−08
Methyl chloroform
88.16
8.30 × 10
−06
1.66 × 10
−06
381
5.25 × 10
−04
4.36 × 10
−09
Dichloromethane
5.104
1.24 × 10
−05
2.48 × 10
−06
23
8.70 × 10
−03
1.08 × 10
−07
Trichloroethylene
73.08
8.60 × 10
−06
1.72 × 10
−06
316
6.33 × 10
−04
5.45 × 10
−09
Perchloroethylene
211.1
7.70 × 10
−06
1.54 × 10
−06
910
2.20 × 10
−04
1.69 × 10
−09
Source:
From Barone, F.S., Rowe, R.K., and Quigley, R.M., 1992,
Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
10(3): 225-250. With permission.
a
Nonitalics compounds are stabilizers. Italics compounds are chlorinated solvents; these are listed for comparison to show whether the stabilizer is likely to diffuse out of the solvent or remain
with the solvent.
b
K
d
calculated by using
K
oc
×
f
oc
(see
Section 3.3.2.3
) and soil parameters from the Sarnia clay.
c
Aqueous diffusion coefi cients in pure water calculated by using the Wilke-Chang method (
T
= 22°C).
d
Effective diffusion coefi cient obtained by dividing aqueous diffusion coefi cient by an assumed tortuosity factor, 0.2, for a poorly sorted i ne-grained material.
e
Retardation factor calculated by using soil parameters from Sarnia clay and Equation 3.32.
Diffusion reduction coefi cient obtained from Equation 3.45.
g
D
a
obtained as the product of the aqueous diffusion coefi cient and the diffusion reduction coefi cient.
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