Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
• Experimental data showing several key inl ammatory AMs altered during
aging are detailed.
• Increased NF-κB activation is highlighted as a major contributing factor for
modulating the age-related upregulation of inl ammatory AMs, including
VCAM-1 and P-selectin.
• Molecular mechanisms on increased NF-κB activation are explored in
relation to upregulation of inl ammatory AMs.
• Evidence is presented implicating dysregulated expressions of AMs in age-
related chronic diseases, such as atherosclerosis, cancer and Alzheimer's
disease.
• Considerations on possible anti-oxidative and anti-inl ammatory therapies
based on the attenuation of upregulated inl ammatory AMs during aging
are discussed.
Definition of Terms
Aging:
h e gradual physiological and functional decline that is accompanied with the
increased incidence of disease with time.
Age-related redox imbalance:
An age-related change in biological condition in which the
ratio on reductants/oxidants is disrupted in favor of oxidation.
Calorie restriction:
A dietary regime that has proven to be the most ef ective anti-aging
measure, and used as the gold standard for the life extesion study in the aging i eld.
Inl ammatory AMs:
AMs molecules that have been shown to cause or involved closely in
inl ammation.
Oxidative stress:
Oxidative stress refers to a condition under which increased production
of reactive species, coupled with weakened anti-oxidative defense systems, resulting in
redox imbalance.
Reactive species:
Reactive species include free radicals derived from oxygen, nitrogen
species, and those reactive lipid spices, which are not free radicals.
Acknowledgements
h is work was supported by National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded
by Korea government (MEST) (No. 20090093226). We are grateful to the 'Aging Tissue
Bank' for supplying research resource.
Abbreviations
AD
alzheimer's disease
AGEs
advanced glycation end products
AM
adhesion molecule
Aβ
amyloid beta
