Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgCAMs) play crucial roles in the formation
of neural circuits, including cell migration, axonal and dendritic targeting and
synapse formation. Furthermore, in perinatal and adult life, neuronal IgCAMs
are required for the formation and maintenance of specialized axonal membrane
domains, synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis. An excellent monograph on
neuronal immunoglobulin superfamily proteins has summarized most of the
earlier work on Ig superfamily proteins in the nervous system (Sonderegger 1998).
Here, we present an update of the developments in the i eld in recent years.
Table 1
Cell adhesion molecules of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgCAMs) in the
brain
Molecule
Ligands
Distribution
AMOG
-
Glial
CNTN1
NOTCH1
Neural; neuromuscular junctions
L1 (CD171)
Axonin
Neural
MAG
MAG
Myelin
MOG
-
Myelin; Oligodendrocytes
Cytoplasmic membranes
NCAM-1 (CD56)
NCAM-1 via polysialic acid
Neural cells
modulated by sialytranferase X,
Polysialytransferase
NrCAM
Ig superfamily
Neural
NrCAM-2
Neural
OBCAM
Opioids; acidic lipids
Brain
Po protein
Po
Myelin
PMP-22
PMP-22
Myelin
Necl1
Peripheral nervous system,
(SynCAM3; CADM3)
Necl1, Necl2, Necl4
myelinated axons; dorsal root
ganglion; central nervous system
neurons
Necl2 (SynCAM1;
Ig superfamily
Pre- and post-synaptic dorsal
CADM1)
Necls and Nectins
root ganglion neurons
Necl3 (SynCAM2;
Myelinated axons
CADM2)
Necl4 (SynCAM4;
Necl1
Myelinating Schwann cells,
CADM4)
Ankyrin-G
dorsal root ganglion neurons
Neurofascin
Neural; synapse
MDGA1
Neural
h is table shows the important neuronal cell adhesion molecules of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgCAMs)
that play a crucial role in the formation of neural circuits at dif erent levels: cell migration, axonal and dendritic
targeting as well as synapse formation. AMOG, adhesion molecule on glial; CNTN1, contactin-1; NOTCH1, Notch
homolog 1, a human gene encoding a single-pass transmembrane receptor; L1(CD171), L1 cell adhesion molecule
with important functions in the development of the nervous system; MAG, myelin-associated glycoprotein; MOG,
myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein; NCAM-1 (CD56), neural cell adhesion molecule 1; NCAM-2, neural cell
adhesion molecule 2; NrCAM, neuron-glia-related cell adhesion molecule; NrCAM-2, neuron-glia-related cell
adhesion molecule 2; OBCAM, opioid-binding cell adhesion molecule; PMP-22, peripheral myelin protein; Necl1,
nectin-like molecule 1 (plays a role in the formation of synapses, axon bundles and myelinated axons); Necl2, nectin-
like molecule 2; Necl3, nectin-like molecule 3; Necl4, nectin-like molecule 4; MDGA1, MAM domain-containing
glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor protein 1.
