Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
14
CHAPTER
Weight Loss and Adhesion Molecules
Jennifer B. Keogh
1, 2,*
and Peter M. Clifton
1, 2,*
1
Preventative Health National Research Flagship, Commonwealth Scientifi c and
Industrial Research Organization - Human Nutrition, Adelaide,
South Australia, Australia
2
Centre of Clinical Research Excellence in Nutritional Physiology, Interventions
and Outcomes, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia
Alternative contact
: Professor Peter M. Clifton, CSIRO Human Nutrition, Gate 13
Kintore Ave, Adelaide, South Australia 5000,
E-mail:
peter.clifton@csiro.au
Postal address
: CSIRO Human Nutrition, PO Box 10041, Adelaide BC, SA 5000
ABSTRACT
Concentrations of adhesion molecules are raised in obese individuals but the
mechanisms for this are unclear. h e ef ect of obesity on cellular adhesion molecules
(CAMs) is relatively modest, with those in the highest quintile of body mass index
having median levels 14% higher than those in the lowest quintile for intracellular
adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1). Weight loss of 7-18% following either lifestyle
programs or bariatric surgery reduces ICAM-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule
1 (VCAM-1) and E-selectin by 15-28%, 15% and 20-35% respectively. h erefore,
weight loss has a relatively modest and highly variable ef ect on CAMs but levels
remain raised as study participants frequently remain overweight or obese. Dietary
composition during weight loss appears to have little impact on reducing levels of
adhesion molecules. h ere are a small number of studies exploring the ef ect of
dietary composition on CAMs.
