Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
HpSCs
hepatic stem cells
HSCs
hematopoietic stem cells
ICAM-1 (CD54)
intercellular adhesion molecule 1
ICAM-3 (CDw50)
intercellular adhesion molecule 3
IL-6
interleukin-6
LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18)
lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1
M-CSF
macrophage-colony stimulating factor
MSCs
mesenchymal stem cells
NCAM (CD56)
neural cell adhesion molecule
NSCs
neural stem cells
PDGF
platelet-derived growth factor
P-HSCs
pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells
PSA-NCAM (CD56)
polysiaric acid-binding neural cell adhesion
molecule
SCF
stem cell factor
SSEA-4
stage-specii c embryonic antigen 4
SVZ
subventricular zone of lateral ventricles
TGFβ
transformation growth factor β
Tie2
tyrosine kinases that contain immunoglobulin-
like loops and epidermal growth factor-similar
domain 2
VCAM-1 (CD106)
vascular cell adhesion molecule 1
VLA-4 (CD49d/CD29)
very late antigen 4
VLA-5 (CD49e/CD29)
very late antigen 5
Definition of Terms
Extracellular matrix:
A meshwork of proteins occupying the space between cells and
contributing to cell structure, cell adhesion, and other important functions.
Grat -versus-host disease:
A complication at er allogeneic hemopoietic cell transplantation
in which donor functional immune cells recognize the recipient as “foreign” and attack
the recipient tissues.
Homing:
A process by which stem cells exit blood circulation and migrate to (home-in on)
their niche in the extravascular space of tissues.
Pluripotent stem cells:
Cells having the ability to self-renew (generating new pluripotent
stem cells) and to dif erentiate into multilineage cells.
Rolling:
h e i rst step of homing process. Cells in the bloodstream interact with endothelial
cells in the blood vessel wall and then roll along the endothelial cell surface, followed by
their i rm adhesion to the endothelial cells.
Stem cell niche:
A special area in tissue and organs, where stem cells reside and their stemness
is maintained and controlled.
