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fish, not going to eat the bait with hook, adapting to the social environment with
sharks, and escaping the danger of being preyed on, etc. The colony of artificial
fish is a typical multi-agent distributed intelligent system. The society of artificial
fish of fish shows the capabilities of self-organization and intelligent collective
behavior, for example, when the colony of artificial fish meets barriers in
roaming, it can discern the obstacle, changes the formation, and reforms the
formation to continue advancing again after winding the obstacle.
15.8.5
Autolife
The Autolife model developed by Jiang Zhang is an artificial life system with the
“openly evolving” capability [Li et al., 2006]. Each agent model is constructed
using the finite automaton model the rule table length of which is alterable. On
one hand agent can reproduce itself, on the other hand the selection mechanism
in the model has not adopted the simple models of the energy consumption
emerges spontaneously rather than explicit adaptive degree functions. Thus agent
model can be regarded as a Tierra-like system. But different from the digital life
models such as Tierra, Avida, etc, Autolife model has been simplified greatly,
which has friendly interface and direct operation. Though has not assembled a
virtual computer for each agent, the coupling of agent and environment can be
regarded as a Turing machine model. So the agent can “arbitrarily” program by
variation. Using the Autolife model, people can see the phenomenon coexisting
in general ecosystem at first: great biological explosion, great extinction, and the
agent evolving to be more cleverly; Secondly, users can explore the relation
between agent and environment through changing the food adding rules; Finally,
if allow to change the environment and produce the food automatically through
seeding in agent, the organization emergence is an unavoidable result. The
organization constituted by agents has characteristics of independently moving
and self-repairing. We can say that the organization in Autolife is real “living
bodies”.
(1) Internal structure: There is a group of parameters including energy value,
life-span, current coordinate, current direction, etc. There also exists a rule
table with variable length. This rule table can be regarded as the genetic data
(i.e., the chromosome) used in heredity and variation, as well as the program
rules which can instruct the movement of life bodies.
