Information Technology Reference
In-Depth Information
1.
G
1
solve-eight puzzle
2.
P
1
eight-puzzle sd
3.
S
1
2
3
1
8
4
5
7
6
4. O
1
place-blank
5. =>G
2
( resolve -no-change
)
6. P
2
eight-puzzle
7. S
1
8.=> G
3
(resolve-tie-operator )
9. P
3
tie
10. S
2
(left, up, down)
11. O
5
evaluate -objects(O
2
(left))
12. =>G
4
(resolve-no-change )
13. P
2
(eight-puzzle)
14. S
1
15. O
2
left
16. S
3
2
3
1
4
5
8
7
6
17.
O
2
left
18.
S
4
19.
S
4
20. O
n
place-1
Figure 9.12. Trace of SOAR execution on eight-puzzle(Picture from Laird et al., 1986)
Whenever the problem solver can not solve a problem successfully, system
enters into problem space to ask for guidance from experts. The experts supervise
in two ways. The first one is to give direct instruction and the system begins to
spread all the operators and current status, and experts appoint one operator
relying on current conditions. This operator need to be assessed, which is to
create a sub-goal and solve this problem by the operator. If there is a solution, the
operator is workable and the system then takes the operator and tests why the
solution by the operator is correct. The test process is summarized to learn a
general condition from the experts, chunk in deed.
Another way is a simple and intuitionistic one. System decomposes the
problem into inner presentations according to tree's structure grammatically and
the initial statuses are attached, then to ask for help from experts. One simple and
