Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
Tab. 7.2
(continued)
Phosgenation Reagents Phosgene, Equivalents
and Substitutes
CAS Reg. No.
Source
Order No.
2-Chloro-1,3-dimethylimidazolium chloride
(CDC)
125376-11-6
9
52,924-9
2-Chloro-1,3-dimethylimidazolium
hexafluorophosphate
101385-69-7
9
42,033-6
2-Chloro-1,3-dimethylimidazolium
tetrafluoroborate
153433-26-2
9
43,927-4
Diethyl azodicarboxylate (DEAD)
1972-28-7
9
56,311-0
Diphenylphosphoryl azide
26386-88-9
9
17,875-6
Dibutyltin oxide
818-08-6
9
18,308-3
a
Contains one cartridge for Safe Phosgene Generation, 0.02 mol, one
gas-tight adapter with tubing, one dosimeter badge
þ
paper, and
instructions.
overview on handling hazardous chemicals and disposal of chemical waste has
been reported [15].
7.3.1
Material Safety Data Sheets
To ensure safe working, material safety data sheets (MSDS) have to be consulted,
particularly for the phosgenation reagents listed in Table 3.2, where the relevant
risk and safety (R
S) phrases are presented. Further information can be found in
the appropriate section of the relevant MSDS.
A special report on phosgene toxicology and treatment is given in [14].
þ
7.3.2
Some Practical Hints
The following practical hints should facilitate the planning and realization of syn-
theses involving phosgenation reactions, and are particularly aimed at the chemist
not trained or experienced in the procedures.
1) Phosgenation reactions must be performed in an e
cient hood.
2) Consult the MSDS and take the necessary precautions (protective clothing,
gloves, eye protection, etc.).
3) Minimize the risk by choosing the appropriate method and the appropriate
phosgenation reagent according to Chapter 6. Use progressive methods and
tools!
4) Use dosimeters (if available) to measure the degree of exposure to high risk
compounds (these could also be products such as alkyl isocyanates).
5) Regarding high risk compounds, make sure that excesses (and unreacted frac-
tions) are decomposed in an appropriate manner.
