Chemistry Reference
In-Depth Information
CO generation. All these features characterize this DMC production process as a
clean technology [116-118].
Since a halide-free, non-corrosive catalyst for DMC production would represent a
further improvement of the process, alternative catalytic systems have been inves-
tigated. Co(II) complexes with N, O ligands, such as carboxylates, acetylacetonates,
and Schiff bases, have been shown to produce DMC with good reaction rates and
selectivities [121].
Applications of DMC as a phosgene substitute are described in Chapter 4.
2.4
References
1
T. A. Ryan, C. Ryan, E. A. Seddon,
K. R. Seddon, Phosgene and Related
Carbonyl Halides, Elsevier, Amsterdam,
1996.
2
T. C. Marrs, R. L. Maynard, F. R.
Sidell, Chemical Warfare Agents.
Toxicology and Treatment, J. Wiley and
Sons, Chichester, 1996, p. 185.
3
S. C. Stinson, Chem. Eng. News 2000,
78(49), 35.
4
M. Ueda, H. Oikawa, N.
Kawaharasaki, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn.
1983, 56, 2485.
5
H. Ogura, T. Kobayashi, K.
Shimizu, K. Kawabe, K. Takeda,
Tetrahedron Lett. 1979, 4745.
6
D. Stevenson, T. Young, J. Chem.
Soc. (C) 1969, 2389.
7
T. Miron, M. Wilchek, Appl.
Biochem. Biotechnol. 1985, 11, 445.
8
F. Rivetti, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, S´rie
IIc, Chem. 2000, 3, 497-503.
9
K. Kurita, Y. Iwakura, Org. Synth.
1980, 59, 195.
10
H. Eckert, German Offen.,DE
3440141, 1986; Chem. Abstr. 1987, 106,
4294.
11
H. Eckert, B. Forster, Angew.
Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 1987, 26, 894-
895.
12
B. Forster, Ph. D. Thesis, Techn. Univ.
Munchen, 1987.
15
L. Cotarca, R. Bacaloglu, N. Marcu,
A. Tarnaveanu, C. Csunderlik, J.
Prakt. Chem. 1987, 329, 1052-1062.
16
L. Cotarca, P. Delogu, A. Nardelli,
V. Sunjic, Synthesis 1996, 553-576.
17
S. Yin, T. Wang, Z. Zhang, Huaxue
Shiji 1998, 20, 270-276, 299; Chem.
Abstr. 1998, 130, 124800.
18
F. Bracher, T. Litz, J. Prakt. Chem./
Chem.-Ztg. 1995, 337, 516-518.
19
J. Cheng, J. Wen, R. Shao, Huaxue
Tongbao 1999, 4, 20-25; Chem. Abstr.
1999, 130, 311351.
20
M. Milea, Ph. D. Thesis, Politehnica
University, Timisoara, Romania, 2002.
21
M. J. Coghlan, B. A. Caley,
Tetrahedron Lett. 1989, 30, 2033.
22
H. Staudinger, O. G¨hring, M.
Sch¨ller, Ber. Dtsch. Chem. Ges.
1914, 47, 40.
23
J. Bergman, J. Carlsson, B. Sj¨berg,
J. Heterocycl. Chem. 1977, 14, 1123.
24
R. Gottschlich, Kontakte
(Darmstadt), 1981, 14.
25
W. H. Pirkle, P. L. Gravel, J. Org.
Chem. 1976, 41, 3763.
26
H. Gnichtel, K. E. Schuster, Chem.
Ber. 1978, 111, 1171.
27
P. Tundo, M. Selva, Acc. Chem. Res.
2002, 35, 706-716.
28
F. Bigi, R. Maggi, G. Sartori, Green
Chem. 2000, 2, 140-148.
29
J. Izdebski, D. Pawlak, Synthesis 1989,
423.
30
R. A. Batey, V. Santhakumar, C.
Yoshina-Ishii, S. D. Taylor,
Tetrahedron Lett. 1998, 39, 6267.
L. Cotarca, Ph. D. Thesis, Polytechnic
of Timisoara, 1984.
13
L. Cotarca, R. Bacaloglu, N. Marcu,
A. Tarnaveanu, J. Prakt. Chem. 1985,
327, 881-886.
14
