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7. The transect sampling of a field shows that the high TPH value is 2000 ppm. The
cutoff for TPH in this state is 500 ppm. How many samples will be needed to be sure that
all areas in which the TPH is above the allowed level are accounted for?
8. Describe the basic assumption of geostatistics.
9. Explain the terms nugget, range, and sill as applied to kriging.
10. What types of graphs illustrate the types of variations that can be found in
analytical results from samples taken over a distance?
11. In kriging, what are four models used to evaluate the component variation?
12. Describe some of the potential problems associated with kriging.
REFERENCES
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Methods of Soil Analysis: Part 1—Physical and Mineralogical Methods. 2nd ed.
Madison, WI: American Society of Agronomy and Soil Science Society of America,
1986:1-31.
2. Freund JE, Simon GA. Statistics: A First Course. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall,
1991:316-322.
3. McClave JT, Benson PG. A First Course in Business Statistics. 4th ed. San Francisco:
Dellen, 1989:80-83.
4. Freund, JE, Simon GA. Statistics: A First Course. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall,
1991:340-349.
5. Dixon WJ, Extraneous values. In: Klute A, ed. Methods of Soil Analysis: Part 1—
Physical and Mineralogical Methods. 2nd ed. Madison: American Society of
Agronomy and Soil Science Society of America, 1986:80-90.
6. Crépin J, Johnson RL. Soil sampling for environmental assessment. In: Carter MR, ed.
Soil Sampling and Methods of Analysis. Ann Arbor, MI: Lewis, 1993:5-18.
7. Freese F. Elementary Forest Sampling. Agriculture Handbook no. 232. U.S.
Department of Agriculture, Corvallis, OR: Oregon State University, 1962.
8. Freund JE, Simon GA. Statistics: A First Course. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall,
1991:356-365.
9. Myers DE. What Is Geostatistics?
http://www.u.arizona.edu/~donaldm/homepage/whatis.html.
10. Gajem YM. Spatial Structure of Physical Properties of a Typic Torrifluvent. M.S.
thesis, University of Arizona, Tucson, 1980.
11. Yost RS, Uehara G, Fox RL. Geostatistical analysis of soil chemical properties of
large land areas. I. Semi-Variograms. Soil Sci Soc Am J 1982; 46:1028-1032.
12. Warwick AW, Myers DE, Nielson DR. Geostatistical methods applied to soil science.
In: Klute A, ed. Analysis: Part 1—Physical and Mineralogical Methods. 2nd ed.
Madison, WI: American Society of Agronomy and Soil Science Society of America,
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