Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
R
OT
, Fruit. Botrytis cinerea, gray mold, cosmo-
politan; Phyllostictina carpogena, MD;
Monilinia fructicola, brown rot, IL;
Alternaria sp., MA; Rhizopus nigricans,
black mold, cosmopolitan.
R
OT
, Root. Armillaria mellea, OR, WA;
Rhizoctonia solani, CO, ID, WA; Xylaria
sp., WA; Phytophthora erythroseptica,
Pacific
Raspberry (Rubus)
A
NTHRACNOSE
;
IEBACK
; Gray Bark.
Gloeosporium allantosporum, OR, WA.
B
ACTERIAL
Blossom Blight.
Pseudomonas
sp., OR.
B
ACTERIAL
Crown Gall. Agrobacterium
tumefaciens, general; A. rubi, cane gall,
NY, PA to IL, OR, WI.
B
ACTERIAL
Fire Blight; Flower and Twig Blight.
Erwinia amylovora, ME, NH, PA, WA, WI.
B
ACTERIAL
Northwest;
P.
rubi, WA;
Pratylenchus penetrans, WA.
R
UST
, Late. Pucciniastrum americanum
(II, III), Northeast to ID, IL, NC, OH; 0, I on
spruce.
R
UST
, Leaf. Phragmidium rubiidaei (0, I,
II, III), northeastern and central states to CO;
Pacific Northwest.
R
UST
, Orange. Gymnoconia peckiana (0, I, III),
on black raspberry, Northeast to MN, Pacific
Northwest; Kunkelia nitens (I), IL, IN, MI,
OH.
R
UST
, Yellow. Kuehneola uredinis (0, I, II, III),
IL, PA, DE to WI.
S
POT
A
NTHRACNOSE
. Elsino¨ veneta, general but
less common on red than black raspberry.
V
IRUS
. Raspberry Leaf Curl; Red; Black Rasp-
berry Necrosis, TN; Raspberry Streak;
Raspberry Yellow Mosaic, general; Tomato
Ring Spot, cause of crumbly fruit, NY;
Tobacco Ring Spot, NC; Raspberry Bushy
Dwarf,OH;Black Raspberry Witches'
Broom Phytoplasma, OR; Crumbly Fruit
Disease, OR; Rubus Yellow Net, Alberta,
Canada; Blackberry Chlorotic Ringspot,
OR, WA.
W
ILT
. Verticillium albo-atrum, MA to NJ, OH,
OR, WA.
Virus diseases are important on raspberries
and cannot be controlled by spraying. Pur-
chase healthy plants and set, if possible, 500
feet away from old patches. Inspect at least
three times the first year, roguing all diseased
plants, after first searing them with a blow
torch or flame thrower so aphids will not
carry the virus to nearby healthy bushes.
Plants seldom recover from Verticillium wilt
and
Hairy
Root.
Agrobacterium
rhizogenes, OR.
B
ACTERIAL
, Witches' Broom. MLO, OR.
B
LIGHT
, Cane. Leptosphaeria coniothyrium,
general; Physalospora obtusa, IA, MD, MI,
MO, ND; Sclerotinia sp., NY.
B
LIGHT
, Spur. Didymella applanata, general.
C
ANKER
; Cane Spot. Ascospora ruborum, MA,
OR, WI.
C
ANKER
;D
IEBACK
. Glomerella cingulata, AR,
KY, MD, MI, MO, NJ, OH, RI, WV;
G. rubicola, white bud, IL, NJ; Botryosphaeria
ribis,FL;Macrophoma rubi,IL.
D
ODDER
. Cuscuta gronovii, CT, IL, WI.
D
OWNY
M
ILDEW
. Peronospora rubi, WA.
F
RUIT
S
POT
, Flyspeck. Leptothyrium pomi, IN,
KY, MA.
L
EAF
S
POT
. Cylindrosporium rubi (
Sphaerulina
rubi
), also cane spot, common East of Rocky
Mts.; Mycosphaerella confusa (
Cercospora
rubi
), NJ to FL, IL, TX; M. rubi, general;
Pezizella oenotherae, MD, MO, VA;
Septoria darrowi (perhaps same as
Cylindrosporium rubi
) Stigmatea rubicola,
black leaf and cane spot, MT, NM, NY, VT,
WI.
N
EMATODE
, Lesion. Pratylenchus vulnus.
N
EMATODE
, Sheath. Hemicycliophora sp.
N
ONPARASITIC
. Chlorosis.
Iron deficiency in
West.
P
OWDERY
M
ILDEW
. Phyllactinia corylea, MI;
Sphaerotheca macularis, Northeast, North-
west, CA, IL, MN.
R
OSETTE
, Double Blossom. Cercosporella rubi,
IL, KY, MD, NY, PA.
never
from orange
rust, which
is
systemic. Crown gall
is important on red
