Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
Pseudeurotiaceae Species have coiled ascocarp
initials, hyaline, to dark cleistothecia, and
scattered globose asci that are evanescent.
branches, resembling perithecia. This family is
now placed in the order Capnodiales.
Coryneliaceae Stroma lobed, each lobe with
a single locule which is finally wide open. Martin
places this in the Coryneliales.
Dothideaceae Stroma not markedly lobed, loc-
ules immersed in groups; at maturity stroma is
erumpent and superficial.
Acrospermaceae Stroma typically uniloculate,
clavate, erect; dehiscence by a fimbriate, often
spreading, tip. Martin places this family in the
Coryneliales and adds, under Dothideales,
Pseudo-sphaeriaceae, with asci more or less sep-
arated by stromatic tissue.
Microthyriaceae (including Asterineae and
Trichopelteae) Stromatic cover of radial or par-
allel hyphae; chiefly tropical species.
Ouygenales
This order characterized by asci free on myce-
lium; fusion of gametangial hyphae variable
without trichogyne but with ascogonium some-
times coiling; spherical to ovoid deliquescent
asci; single-celled ascospores variously shaped.
Gymnoascaceae Cloistothecia around asci of
loosely interwoven hyphae.
Onygenaceae Ascocarp stalked and capitate,
small to medium; peridium tough, opening
above; ascospores pitted.
Erysiphales (Perisporiales)
Parasites of higher plants; mycelium generally on
surface of host; perithecia without true ostioles.
The powdery mildews. White mycelium, with
conidia in chains; perithecia rupturing with an
apical tear or slit.
Microthyriales
Mycelium largely superficial; stroma flattened;
dimidiate; opening by a pore or tear, simulating
the upper half of a perithecium.
Polystomellaceae (including Stigmateae) Myce-
lium largely internal, forming a hypostroma;
fruiting stroma subcuticular or superficial.
Trichothyriaceae Superficial mycelium irregu-
lar or lacking; base of stroma well developed;
parasitic on other fungi.
Meliolales
Dark or black mildews. Mycelium dark; stroma
unilocular, resembling a perithecium. Mycelium
dark; asci exposed by gelatinization of upper
portion of ascocarp.
Myriangiales
Stroma well developed, often gelatinous; asci
borne singly in locules. Nearly all are parasites
on higher plants.
Piedraiaceae Tropical fungi invades cuticle of
hair of primates, including humans.
Myriangiaceae Stroma pulvinate, often with
lobes, nearly homogeneous.
Elsinoaceae Stroma effused, with gelatinous
interior and crustose rind.
Pleosporales
Ostiole an elongated slit on a usually flattened,
elongate apothecium, bearing asci in a flat, basal
layer.
Hysteriaceae Ascocarps superficial from the
first; black, carbonaceous, round or elongate.
Micropeltaceae (Hemisphaeriaceae) Internal
mycelium scanty; stromatic cover not of radially
arranged hyphae; chiefly tropical species. This
family now placed in order Pleosporales; for-
merly in Microthyriales.
Dothideales
Mycelium immersed in substratum; stroma with
hard, dark rind, soft and pale within; locules more
or less spherical, resembling perithecial cavities.
Capnodiaceae Sooty molds. Often on living
plants associated with insect secretions. Stroma
massive, carbonaceous, often excessively
branched; fruiting bodies borne singly at tips of
Hypocreales
Perithecia, and stromata if present, bright col-
ored, soft, and fleshy. Martin gives two families.
Nectriaceae Asci elliptical to cylindrical;
inoperculate; ascospores various but never long-
filiform.
