Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
B
LIGHT
, Twig. Septogloeum parasiticum, MI;
Phomopsis oblonga, MA; Fusarium spp.
B
LIGHT
, Twig. Phomopsis oblonga, VA, on
Chinese elm (
Ulmus parvifolia
).
C
ANKER
, Bleeding. Phytophthora cactorum, RI;
Pit, P. inflata, CT, MA, NY, PA.
C
ANKER
, Felt Fungus. Septobasidium pseudope-
dicellatum, NC.
C
ANKER
, Stem. Botryosphaeria ribis.
C
ANKER
, Twig. Sphaeropsis ulmicola,VA,on
Chinese elm (
Ulmus parvifolia
).
C
ANKER
, Twig Dieback. Apioporthe apiospora,
IA; Coniothyrium spp., IL, MA, MI;
Cytospora ludibunda, CT, PA; Nectria
coccinea,NJ,NY;N. cinnabarina,coral
spot, widespread; Phoma sp., Phomopsis sp.,
Northeast to IL, MN, SC; Sphaeropsis sp., CT
to MS; Cytosporina ludibunda, IL, KS.
D
AMPING
-O
FF
. Rhizoctonia solani, cosmopoli-
tan; Pythium sp.
D
IEBACK
. Cephalosporium sp., VA, on English
Elm (
Ulmus procera
).
L
EAF
B
LISTER
. Taphrina ulmi, CT to MS,
MO, WI.
L
EAF
S
POT
. Cercospora sphaeriaeformis,LA,TX;
Cylindrosporium tenuisporium, ;
Coryneum tumoricola, NY; Gloeosporium
ulmicola; Monochaetia desmazierii, GA;
Phyllosticta confertissima, PA;
Mycosphaerella ulmi, MAto ;
Septogloeum profusum,AL;Coniothyrium
ulmea,WV;Ceratophorumulmicola,KS,NE.
L
EAF
S
POT
; Anthracnose. Gloeosporium
inconspicuum, MA to VA; MN, OK.
L
EAF
S
POT
; Black Spot. Gnomonia ulmea,
general.
M
ISTLETOE
. Phoradendron serotinum
(flavescens), IN, TX; P. tomento-sum, TX.
M
ISTLETOE
, European. Viscum album, CA.
N
EMATODE
, Dagger. Xiphinema americanum.
N
EMATODE
, Root Knot. Meloidogyne spp.
N
EMATODE
, Stem. Ditylenchus gallicus; Leaf,
Aphelenchoides fragariae.
P
HYTOPLASMA
. Elm Yellows, NY.
P
OWDERY
M
ILDEW
. Microsphaera alni, IL, IA,
MS, OH; Phyllactinia corylea, NC to TX,
IA; P. ungulata, GA; Uncinula macrospora,
general.
R
OT
, Heart. Collybia velutipes, widespread;
Daedalea confragosa, wide-spread; Fomes
spp.; Ganoderma curtisii, NY.
R
OT
, Root. Helicobasidium purpureum, TX;
Phymatotrichum omnivorum, TX; Xylaria
spp.; Armillaria mellea,MO;Clitocybe
tabescens, FL.
R
OT
, Wood. Daldinia concentrica, widespread;
Lenzites betulinum, IN, MA, MD; Pleurotus
ostreatus, widespread; Polyporus
spp.;
Schizophyllum commune,
cosmopolitan;
Ustulina vulgaris, MD.
W
ILT
. Dothiorella (
Cephalosporium
) ulmi, gen-
eral; Verticillium alboatrum, ME to VA,
MS, OR, WI.
W
ILT
; Dutch Elm Disease. Ceratocystis ulmi,
general.
The Dutch elm disease and phloem necrosis
have taken a heavy toll of elms in many states.
A dormant spray for the bark beetles that spread
Dutch elmdisease is the present recommendation,
combined with general sanitation. Chemotherapy
is still promising but not yet practical. Some
seedling elms are highly resistant but not
immune.
Emilia (Tasselflower, Floras-
Paintbrush)
R
UST
. Puccinia emiliae, FL.
V
IRUS
. Cucumber Mosaic, in part, FL; Tomato
Spotted Wilt, CA; Impations Necrotic Spot,
GA.
Encelia
N
EMATODE
, Root Knot. Meloidogyne sp., CA.
R
UST
. Puccinia enceliae (0, I, III), CA.
Endive, Escarole, Witloof Chicory
(Cichorium)
B
ACTERIAL
, Apical Rot. Pseudomonas cichorii,CA.
B
ACTERIAL
Center Rot. Pseudomonas cichorii
and P. intybus, AZ, CA, FL, MT, TX, WA.
