Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
thin-walled, round basidiospore. This cannot
reinfect currant and soon dies from exposure to
the sun unless the wind blows it immediately to
a pine needle. The effective range is around 300
feet except for spores from black currants, which
can be carried a mile. The spores from pine to
currant can be carried many miles, up to 300.
Blister rust is more important at elevations of
1000 feet or over, where it is increased by lower
temperatures and more rainfall.
Control
Eradication of the
Ribes
host is defi-
nitely effective in controlling white pine blister
rust. This means complete removal of black cur-
rants and local removal of cultivated red and wild
currants and gooseberries within 300 or 900 feet
of pines, according to state regulations, taking
care to get all
Control
Remove trees with galls for a distance
of 300 yards around nurseries. Do not ship
infected trees from nurseries.
Peridermium stalactiforme (formerly
Cronartium stalactiforme
). 0, I on lodgepole
pines in Rocky Mountain regions; II, III on Indian
paintbrush. The rust enters pine trunks through
small twigs, producing diamond-shaped lesions
that elongate an average of 7 inches a year, but
grow laterally less than 1/2 inch. Removal of
diseased trees is the only known control.
Cumminsiella
Pucciniaceae. Autoecious; teliospores two-
celled; pycnia and other sori subepidermal;
aecia cupulate.
Cumminsiella mirabilissima 0, I, II, III on bar-
berry and mahonia in the West, Arizona, Califor-
nia, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nebraska, New
Mexico.
Cumminsiella texana On barberry, Texas.
the root system capable of
resprouting.
Blister rust is seldom found on ornamental
pines in cities; the smoke and fumes are unfavor-
able to the fungus. Elsewhere valuable ornamen-
tals can be saved by cutting off infected branches
and cleaning out trunk infection, stripping off
diseased bark and a 2-inch side margin, 4-inch
margin at top and bottom, of healthy bark. If
the cankers are nearer to the trunk than 6 inches,
the bark should be excised around the branch
stub. The red currant Viking is immune to blister
rust, and a couple of black currant hybrids are
resistant. Some white pines are exhibiting
resistance.
Cronartium stalactiforme (see
Desmella
Pucciniaceae. Uredia and telia subepidermal,
protruding in tufts; uredia without peridium or
paraphyses. Spores globoid, on pedicels, two-
celled.
Desmella aneimiae On Boston fern, Florida.
Peridermium
stalactiforme
). 0, I on lodgepole pines in Rocky
Mountain regions; II, III on Indian paintbrush.
Cronartium strobilinum
Pine Cone Rust
.0,I
on cones of longleaf and slash pines; II, III on
evergreen oak. Cones are swollen, reddish; 25 to
90 % drop.
Endocronartium harknessii (formerly
Cronartium harknessii
).
Western Gall Rust
.0,I
on Jeffrey, ponderosa, lodgepole, and digger
pines; II, III on Indian paintbrush, lousewort,
owls-clover, or omitted, with direct infection
from pine to pine. Galls are globose, with large,
confluent aecia; bark sloughs off in large scales;
witches' broom are formed. A variety of this
species, alternate stage unknown, occurs onMon-
terey and knobcone pines in California.
▶
Endocronartium
Badisiomycete, Uredinales,
Pucciniaceae
Endocronartium harknessii
Western Gall Rust
or Pine-Pine Gall Rust
on pine.
Endophyllum
Pucciniaceae. Teliospores in form of aecio-
spores; telia with cupulate peridium.
