Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
Chrysomyxa
Coleosporium
Melampsoraceae. Teliospores in cylindrical or
branching chains; promycelium exserted; uredio-
spores typically in short chains; uredia without
peridium.
Chrysomyxa arctostaphyli On bearberry, III.
Chrysomyxa chiogenis II,
Melampsoraceae. Pycnia and aecia are on pines;
uredia and telia on dicotyledons. Pycnia subepi-
dermal or subcortical, flattish, linear, dehiscent
by a slit; aecia on needles, erumpent, with prom-
inent peridium, spores ellipsoid or globular;
uredia erumpent, powdery without peridia; ure-
diospores globose or oblong, catenulate, with
verrucose (warty) walls; telia indehiscent, waxy,
gelatinous on germination; spores sessile or
obscurely catenulate, one-celled, smooth but
with thick and gelatinous walls.
Coleosporium apocyanaceum 0, I on loblolly,
longleaf, and slash pines; II, III on
Amsonia
spp. in the Southeast.
Coleosporium asterum (
C. solidaginis
).
Nee-
dle Blister Rust
of pine. 0, I on all two-and
three-needle pines in eastern United States; II,
III on aster and goldenrod, on China aster (except
far South), on golden aster (
Chrysopsis
), erig-
eron, grindelia, seriocarpus, and other compos-
ites. This blister rust on pine needles has pustules
higher than they are long, in clusters or short
rows. The rust is fairly common on ornamental
pines in gardens, wintering on aster and related
composites. Older needles of young pines may be
severely infected, with white aecia conspicuous
in spring and early summer. Aster leaves have
bright orange-yellow spore pustules on undersur-
face. Destroy goldenrod near pines.
Coleosporium crowellii III only stage known;
on needles of pinon and limber pines, Arizona,
Colorado, New Mexico, Utah, Nevada, and
California.
Coleosporium delicatulum
Pine Needle Rust
.
0, I on two-and three-needle pines; II, III on
goldenrod and euthamia.
Coleosporium helianthi 0, I on two-and three-
needle pines, especially in the Southeast; II, III on
silphium and parthenium.
Coleosporium helianthi
Sunflower Rust
.0,I
on pitch and short-needle pines; II, III on
wild and cultivated sunflower, Jerusalem arti-
choke and heliopsis. Sunflower leaves, with
brown rust pustules, dry up and drop. Control is
not easy.
III on creeping
snowberry; 0, I on spruce.
Chrysomyxa empetri II, III on crowberry; 0,
I on red and white spruce. Aecia on upper and
lower surfaces of needles.
Chrysomyxa ilicina II, III on American holly.
Chrysomyxa ledi 0, I, on black, red and Norway
spruce; II, III on underside of leaves of
Ledum
spp.
Chrysomyxa ledi var. cassandrae
Spruce Nee-
dle Rust
. 0, I on black, red, blue and Engelmann
spruce; II, III on bog rosemary (
Chamaedaphne
).
May become epidemic on spruce, causing con-
siderable defoliation.
Chrysomyxa ledi var. groenlandici On Labra-
dor-tea, Michigan, New Hampshire.
Chrysomyxa ledi var. rhododendri II, III on
rhododendron, Washington. A European rust
first noted on Pacific Coast in 1954, apparently
entering despite quarantine on nursery stock.
Yellow uredia on leaves.
Chrysomyxa ledicola 0, I on white, black red,
blue, Engelmann, and Sitka spruce; II, III on
upperside of leaves of
Ledum
spp. Spruce needles
may be so discolored that trees appear yellow.
Chrysomyxa moneses On Sitka spruce and
moneses.
Chrysomyxa piperiana 0, I on Sitka spruce; II,
III on underside leaves of
Rhododendron
californicum
, California, Oregon, Washington.
Chrysomyxa pirolata (
C. pyrolae
). 0, I on
cones of black, blue, Engelmann, Norway, red
and white spruce; II, III on pyrola. Aecia are on
upperside of cone scales; infected cones turn
yellow, produce no seed.
Chrysomyxa weirii
Spruce Needle Rust
. III on
Engelmann and red spruce. Waxy orange to
orange-brown elongate or elliptical telia occur
on 1-year needles. This is the only spore stage
known; teliospores can reinfect spruce.
