Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
beyond those known to be infested in an orchard,
and the soil is treated with D-D. Bare-rooted nurs-
ery stock can be treated with hot water, 10 min at
122
F. After the “pull and treat,” nonhosts are
grown for 2 years before citrus is replanted. There
is some hope of resistant varieties.
Scutellonema
Hoplolaimidae. Spiral nematodes, similar
to
Rotylenchus
.
Scutellonema blaberum (
Rotylenchus
blaberus
)
West African Spiral Nematode
.On
banana, yam, red spider lily, and African-violet.
Scutellonema brachyurum
Carolina Spiral
Nematode
. Working at crown and roots of Afri-
can-violet, destroying root cells, depositing eggs
in cortical tissues. Also on amaryllis.
Scutellonema bradys
Yam Nematode
.
Scutellonema christiei
Christie's Spiral Nema-
tode
. Common on lawn grasses in Florida, also
reported on apple and grasses in Maryland and
West Virginia.
Rotylenchulus
Hyplolaimidae. Reniform nematodes, partially
endoparasitic root parasites. Female swollen, kid-
ney-shaped; two ovaries; male wormlike, unable
to feed.
Rotylenchulus reniformis
Reniform Nema-
tode
. First described from pineapple roots in
Hawaii, now found in Florida and other warm
states on turf, cotton, peanut, sweet potato,
tomato, gardenia, jacquemontia, and other orna-
mentals. The head of the female, with elongated
neck, goes in the cortical parenchyma of the
rootlet, and her kidney-shaped body projects out-
side. It is covered with a gelatinous material
containing eggs and larvae, so that soil particles
adhere.
Sphaeronema
Tylenchulidae
Sphaeronema sp sp.
Decline
of Alaska-cedar.
Tetylenchus
Rotylenchus
Belonolaimidae. Male and female wormlike,
styletshort.
Merlinius joctus On blueberry.
Hoplolaimidae. Spiral nematodes, worldwide in
temperate and tropical climates; mostly ectopar-
asitic but partially endoparasitic, somewhat
migratory; body wormlike but held in shape of
a spiral; long stylet; female with two ovaries; 0.5
to 1 mm long.
Rotylenchus blaberus
Spiral Nematode
on spi-
der-lily.
Rotylenchus buxophilus
Boxwood Spiral
Nematode
. Associated with boxwood decline in
Maryland and nearby states; also found with bar-
berry, privet, and peony. The roots have minute
brown spots, and the root system is much
reduced.
Rotylenchus cristiei On grasses.
Rotylenchus robustus Reported on azalea.
Rotylenchus uniformis Reported on many
ornamental
Trichodorus and Paratrichodorus
Trichodoridae. Stubby-root nematodes; migra-
tory ectoparasites with wide host ranges; thick-
bodied, cylindrical;0.5 to 1.5 mm long; smooth
cuticle; tail short, bluntly rounded; long, slender
stylet is a grooved tooth.
Paratrichodorus
allius Reported
reducing
onion yield in Oregon.
Paratrichodorus christiei
Christie's Stubby
Root Nematode
. Wide-spread in southern states
but also present elsewhere feeding on many
plants in many different plant families. These
include azalea, avocado, blueberry, bean, beet,
trees and shrubs in New Jersey
nurseries.
