Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
simple or branched, jointed, with leaves reduced
to opposite pairs of scales at the top of each
segment. Stems range in color from yellow to
brown to olive green. Berries are olive green to
dark blue; each contains a single seed, rarely two.
The seed is ejected with force and is spread hor-
izontally for some feet. Animals and birds
account for infection at a distance.
Arceuthobium americanum
Lodgepole
Pine Dwarf Mistletoe
, common on the Rocky
Mountain form but not the Pacific lodgepole
pine, found also on fir; rare on other pines. The
flowers bloom in spring, accessory branches
forming a whorl.
Arceuthobium campylopodum
Western
Dwarf Mistletoe
. It forms witches' broom and
flowers late in summer. Widespread in Northwest
principally on coastal ponderosa pine; species
that were formerly called
A. campylopodum
are
A. abietinum
on white and grand firs,
A. divaricatum
on pinon pines,
A. laricis
on west-
ern larch,
A. microcarpum
on blue and Englemann
spruce,
A.
A. cyanocarpum
on limber pine. Found also on
exotic pines in California.
Arceuthobium cyanocarpum
Dwarf Mistle-
toe
on pine, timber pine, and hemlock.
Arceuthobium douglasii
Douglas-Fir Dwarf
Mistletoe
, confined to this host. Plants are small,
only 1 1/2 inches high, greenish, slender.
Arceuthobium occidentale
Dwarf Mistletoe
,
on exotic pines in California.
Arceuthobium laricis
Dwarf Mistletoe
on fir
and hemlock.
Arceuthobium pusillum
Eastern Dwarf Mis-
tletoe
, the only species in the East, from Minne-
sota to New Jersey and north to Canada, common
on spruce, also on tamarack, and pines. The fruit
matures in autumn; shoots are very short, less
than an inch.
Arceuthobium tsugense
Hemlock Dwarf
Mistletoe
on western and mountain hemlock.
Colletotrichum gleosporioides
-a hyperparasite.
Arceuthobium vaginatum subsp.
cryptopodum
Southwestern Ponderosa Pine
Dwarf Mistletoe
. Plant yellowish, robust.
tsugense
on western
hemlock,