Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
simple or branched, jointed, with leaves reduced
to opposite pairs of scales at the top of each
segment. Stems range in color from yellow to
brown to olive green. Berries are olive green to
dark blue; each contains a single seed, rarely two.
The seed is ejected with force and is spread hor-
izontally for some feet. Animals and birds
account for infection at a distance.
Arceuthobium americanum Lodgepole
Pine Dwarf Mistletoe , common on the Rocky
Mountain form but not the Pacific lodgepole
pine, found also on fir; rare on other pines. The
flowers bloom in spring, accessory branches
forming a whorl.
Arceuthobium campylopodum Western
Dwarf Mistletoe . It forms witches' broom and
flowers late in summer. Widespread in Northwest
principally on coastal ponderosa pine; species
that were formerly called A. campylopodum are
A. abietinum on white and grand firs,
A. divaricatum on pinon pines, A. laricis on west-
ern larch, A. microcarpum on blue and Englemann
spruce, A.
A. cyanocarpum on limber pine. Found also on
exotic pines in California.
Arceuthobium cyanocarpum Dwarf Mistle-
toe on pine, timber pine, and hemlock.
Arceuthobium douglasii Douglas-Fir Dwarf
Mistletoe , confined to this host. Plants are small,
only 1 1/2 inches high, greenish, slender.
Arceuthobium occidentale Dwarf Mistletoe ,
on exotic pines in California.
Arceuthobium laricis Dwarf Mistletoe on fir
and hemlock.
Arceuthobium pusillum Eastern Dwarf Mis-
tletoe , the only species in the East, from Minne-
sota to New Jersey and north to Canada, common
on spruce, also on tamarack, and pines. The fruit
matures in autumn; shoots are very short, less
than an inch.
Arceuthobium tsugense Hemlock Dwarf
Mistletoe on western and mountain hemlock.
Colletotrichum gleosporioides -a hyperparasite.
Arceuthobium vaginatum subsp.
cryptopodum Southwestern Ponderosa Pine
Dwarf Mistletoe . Plant yellowish, robust.
tsugense
on western
hemlock,
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